特长隧道敞开式TBM掘进机施工岩爆的预防及处治措施

Prevention and treatment measures of rock burst during construction of extra long tunnel open TBM tunneling machine

作为岩体中较高的地应力,岩爆具有相当显著的脆性和一定的弹性,突发性、随机性和危害性都很强。基于岩爆与施工活动在时空上的相互作用,可以将其划分为即时型、延迟型和周期型3种类别。以天山胜利隧道(全长22.13 km)的服务隧道为例,针对TBM掘进机在岩爆区域的施工,通过现场实验,以及对TBM掘进机防护策略和不同支护方式的实际操作经验,总结出如何使敞开式TBM更有效地穿越岩爆地带的施工方法。该研究成果与敞开式TBM掘进机预防、处治对岩爆段施工相一致,对现场采取措施具有一定的指导意义,可作为类似隧道敞开式TBM掘进机预防、处治对岩爆段施工的重要参考资料。

As a high geostress in rock mass,rockburst has significant brittleness and certain elasticity,with strong suddenness,randomness,and harmfulness.Based on the interaction between rock bursts and construction activities in time and space,they can be divided into three categories:immediate,delayed,and periodic.Taking the service tunnel of Tianshan Shengli Tunnel(with a total length of 22.13km)as an example,based on the construction of TBM tunneling machine in the rock burst area,through on-site experiments and practical operation experience of TBM tunneling machine protection strategies and different support methods,this paper summarizes the construction method of how to make the open TBM more effective in crossing the rock burst zone.This research result is consistent with the prevention and treatment of rock burst section construction by open TBM tunneling machine,and has certain guiding significance for on-site measures.It can serve as an important reference material for the prevention and treatment of rock burst section construction by open TBM tunneling machine similar to tunnels.