全球锂资源供需现状分析

Analysis of Global Lithium Resource Supply and Demand Status

随着全球新能源汽车产业的持续高速发展,锂电池正极材料的需求日益旺盛,钴、镍、锂和锰等主要原料的用量持续增长,但我国相对缺乏这些有色金属资源。2020—2022年,锂盐价格经历一个大周期的暴涨暴跌。越来越多的替代材料被开发出来,如钠离子电池、氢燃料电池和钒钛电池等,但从成熟到形成真正的替代还需要时间。目前,87%以上的锂应用在锂电池相关领域,市场锂盐价格完全随锂电池应用市场的需求变化而波动,最高价格是最低价格的近15倍。有必要结合全球锂资源金属量的分布特征,综述全球锂资源的供需市场变化,然后开展全球锂资源供需平衡分析,从而为从业人员提供一定参考。

With the sustained high-speed development of the global new energy vehicle industry,the demand for lithium battery cathode materials is increasingly strong,and the usage of major raw materials such as cobalt,nickel,lithium,and manganese continues to increase,however,China is relatively lacking in these non-ferrous metal resources.From 2020 to 2022,lithium salt prices experienced a major cycle of sharp fluctuations.More and more alternative materials are developed,such as sodium ion batteries,hydrogen fuel cells,and vanadium titanium batteries,however,it will take time from maturity to form true alternatives.At present,over 87%of lithium is used in the field of lithium batteries,and the market price of lithium salts fluctuates completely with the demand of the lithium battery application market,with the highest price being nearly 15 times the lowest price.It is necessary to combine the distribution characteristics of metal quantity of global lithium resources,summarize the changes in the global lithium resource supply and demand market,and then conduct a global lithium resource supply and demand balance analysis,in order to provide some reference for practitioners.