贵州省大气颗粒物中的阴阳离子特征及变化趋势分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Changing Trends of Anions and Cations in Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Guizhou Province

大气颗粒物中的阴阳离子不仅影响空气质量,还影响人体健康和生态系统。以贵州省为研究区,采集并测定大气颗粒物样品,深入分析大气颗粒物中的阴阳离子特征及变化趋势。研究结果表明,贵州省大气颗粒物的阴阳离子组成受到多种因素的影响,其中人类活动的增加显著改变阴阳离子的来源和比例。硝酸盐(NO_(3)^(-))与硫酸盐(SO_(4)^(2-))的质量比可以表征移动源对大气颗粒物的贡献程度,NO_(3)^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-)越大,移动源对大气颗粒物的贡献率越高。大气颗粒物中,铵盐(NH_(4)^(+))浓度的降低反映氨源排放的有效控制,与燃煤小锅炉整治和工业源污染控制紧密相关。深入探讨贵州省大气颗粒物中的阴阳离子浓度特征和结构特征,分析大气颗粒物中的阴阳离子变化趋势,有助于明确区域大气环境质量现状和主要影响因素,进一步揭示大气颗粒物污染的复杂性和动态性,为制定有效的大气污染防治措施提供重要依据。

The anions and cations in atmospheric particulate matter not only affect air quality,but also human health and ecosystems.Taking Guizhou province as the research area,the atmospheric particulate matter samples are collected and measured,and the characteristics and changing trends of anions and cations are deeply analyzed in atmospheric particulate matter.The research results indicate that the composition of anions and cations in atmospheric particulate matter in Guizhou province is influenced by various factors,among which the increase in human activities significantly changes the source and proportion of anions and cations.The mass ratio of nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))to sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-))can characterize the contribution of mobile sources to atmospheric particulate matter,and the larger the NO_(3)^(-)/SO_(4)^(2-),the higher the contribution of mobile sources to atmospheric particulate matter.The decrease in ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))concentration in atmospheric particulate matter reflects the effective control of ammonia source emissions,which is closely related to the renovation of coal-fired small boilers and industrial source pollution control.Deeply exploring the concentration and structural characteristics of anions and cations in atmospheric particulate matter in Guizhou province,and analyzing the trend of changes in anions and cations in atmospheric particulate matter can help to clarify the current status and main influencing factors of regional atmospheric environmental quality,further reveals the complexity and dynamics of atmospheric particulate matter pollution,and provides important basis for formulating effective measures for air pollution prevention and control.