机载卫星通信导航设备抗干扰性能提升关键技术研究

Research on the Key Technologies for Improving the Anti-Jamming Performance of Airborne Satellite Communication and Navigation Equipment

机载卫星通信导航设备易受自然环境、人为电磁辐射及系统内部噪声等多种干扰源影响,严重影响通信质量和导航精度。当前,抗干扰技术虽取得一定进展,但仍面临多径效应抑制、动态复杂环境适应及高数据速率下抗干扰性能瓶颈等挑战。提升抗干扰性能的关键技术主要包括采用先进信号处理算法,如Rake接收、智能分集、Turbo/LDPC编码等;设计智能自适应系统结构,如自适应天线阵列、波束赋形及机器学习辅助抗干扰策略;融合多元抗干扰技术,如MIMO、自适应调制编码及频谱感知与智能分配技术。通过这些技术的综合运用和持续研发,有望实现机载卫星通信导航在复杂电磁环境下的高可靠、高鲁棒运行。

Airborne satellite communication and navigation equipment is susceptible to many jamming sources such as natural environment,artificial electromagnetic radiation and internal noise of the system,which seriously affects the quality of communication and navigation accuracy.Although the current anti-jamming technology has made some progress,it still faces many challenges,such as multi-path effect suppression,dynamic complex environment adaptation and anti-jamming performance bottleneck under high data rate.The key technologies to improve the anti-jamming performance mainly include adopting advanced signal processing algorithms,such as Rake receiver,intelligent diversity,Turbo/LDPC coding,etc.;Design intelligent adaptive system architecture,such as adaptive antenna arrays,beamforming,and machine learning assisted anti-jamming strategies;Integrating multiple antiinterference technologies,such as MIMO,adaptive modulation and coding,and spectrum sensing and intelligent allocation technology.Through the comprehensive application and continuous research and development of these technologies,it is expected to achieve high reliable and robust operation of airborne satellite communication and navigation in complex electromagnetic environment.