力量模型视角下公安民警自我控制能力分析——以C市抽查样本为例

Analysis of Self-Control Abilities of Police Officers from the Perspective of Willpower Model:A Case Study of Sampled Officers in City C

自我控制(Self-control)是自我意识的一个重要组成部分,指通过努力抑制短期的、令人满意的冲动去实现长远的、更有价值目标的一种能力。关于自我控制理论,主要存在三大学说,即力量模型、双系统模型和双动机模型。本研究采用张振声《警察心理控制能力问卷》等工具,以C市653名公安民警为样本,通过访谈等调研方法发现C市公安民警自我控制能力成正态分布,与年龄、性别存在显著相关,而与警龄、职务不存在显著相关,同时存在压力应对、自我表征、想法抑制、抗拒诱惑、睡眠质量、控制过度等影响自我控制能力的损耗情形,提出通过开展心理训练、强化警察意识、加强心理选拔和科学管理等途径提高民警自我控制策略的建议。

Self-control is a crucial component of self-awareness,it refers to the ability to suppress shortterm satisfying impulses to achieve long-term,more valuable goals.There are three main theories on self-control:the willpower model,the dual-system model,and the dual-motive model.This study uses tools such as Zhang Zhensheng’s“Police Psychological Control Ability Questionnaire”and surveys 653 police officers in City C.Findings indicate that self-control ability follows a normal distribution,is significantly related to age and gender,but not to years of service or rank.Factors such as stress response,self-representation,thought inhibition,resistance to temptation,sleep quality,and over-control can deplete self-control.The study suggests enhancing self-control through psychological training,reinforcing police awareness,improving psychological selection,and scientific management.