静配中心护士职业防护行为现状与危害药物配置职业暴露关联分析

Analysis on the correlation between the current status of occupational protection behavior and occupational exposure to hazardous drug dispensing among nurses of pharmacy intravenous drug admixture service

目的 探讨静脉药物配置中心护士职业防护行为现状及其与危害药物配置职业暴露的关联。方法 采用便利抽样法,选择西安市10所三级甲等医院312名静脉药物配置中心护士为研究对象,调查其危害药物职业接触情况,采用《护士职业防护行为问卷》对其职业防护行为进行调查。结果 静脉药物配置中心护士危害药物职业暴露发生率为40.1%(125/312),其职业防护行为得分为(77.7±9.3)分。二分类logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、工龄、工作负荷、调配环境、药物包装、职业防护行为均是静脉药物配置中心护士危害药物职业暴露的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论 静脉药物配置中心护士危害药物配置职业暴露发生率较高;应加强对其职业防护行为的知识培训,减少职业暴露的发生。

Objective To investigate the current status of occupational protection behaviors of nurses in pharmacy intravenous drug admixture service(hereinafter referred to as "PIVAS") and its association with occupational exposure to hazardous drugs.Methods A total of 312 PIVAS nurses from 10 tertiary-A hospitals in Xi′an City were selected as the research subjects using the convenience sampling method. Their occupational exposure to hazardous drugs was investigated, and their occupational protection behaviors were assessed using the "Nurse Occupational Protection Behavior Questionnaire". Results The rate of occupational exposure to hazardous drugs of PIVAS nurses was 40.1%(125/312), and their score for occupational protection behaviors was(77.7±9.3) points. The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, length of service, workload, dispensing environment, drug packaging, and occupational protection behaviors were influencing factors for the occupational exposure in PIVAS nurses(all P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of occupational exposure to hazardous drugs among PIVAS nurses in Xi′an City is relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen training on knowledge of occupational protection behavior to reduce occupational exposure.