蜜饯铝残留量现状及溯源分析

Traceability Analysis of Residues Aluminum in Preserved Fruits

调查湖南地区市售蜜饯中铝的残留量现状并研究其在生产过程中的来源。随机抽样采集湖南地区市场上销售的蜜饯产品及姜制品蜜饯生产半成品,对铝的残留量和合成色素铝色淀含量进行检测。结果表明, 168份样品中铝的残留量检出含量为0.79~94.8 mg/kg,铝的残留量平均值为16.57 mg/kg,中位数为11.95 mg/kg,其中话化类、凉果类、果糕类蜜饯中铝的残留量较高。通过对姜制品蜜饯加工过程中铝残留量变化规律进行研究,结果发现:蜜饯中的铝主要是加工过程由腌制液中含铝食品添加剂中的铝向蜜饯半成品中迁移引入,此外原料中本底铝占小部分,由其他环节引入的铝非常微量;蜜饯的腌制过程可能是导致铝残留量较高的主要生产环节。近年来湖南地区蜜饯中铝的残留量均值相较于以前有所下降,个别工艺的蜜饯产品仍需重点关注,食品安全监管部门应加强对特定品类的蜜饯中铝的风险监测与监管。蜜饯生产企业应控制好腌制、漂洗等关键生产环节,减少蜜饯中铝的来源。

To investigate the current status of residual aluminum in commercially available preserved fruits in Hunan region and to study its sources in the production process,random sampling was used to collect preserved fruit products and semi-finished ginger products sold in the market in Hunan region.The residual amount of aluminum and the content of synthetic pigment aluminum lake were detected.The results showed that the detected residual aluminum content in 168 samples ranged from 0.79 to 94.8 mg/kg,with an average residual aluminum content of 16.57 mg/kg and a median of 11.95 mg/kg.Among them,the residual aluminum content in preserved fruits such as medicinal products,cold fruits,and fruit cakes was relatively high.By studying the changes in aluminum residue during the processing of ginger preserves,it was found that aluminum in preserves was mainly introduced by the migration of aluminum from aluminum containing food additives in the pickling solution to semi-finished preserves during the processing.In addition,background aluminum accounted for a small proportion in the raw materials,and aluminum introduced from other processes was very small;The pickling process of preserved fruits may be the main production process that leads to high levels of aluminum residue.In recent years,the average residual amount of aluminum in preserved fruits in Hunan Province has decreased compared to before.Some preserved fruits from certain processes were still required special attention.Food safety regulatory authorities should strengthen risk monitoring and supervision of aluminum in specific categories of preserved fruits.Preserved fruits production enterprises should control key production processes such as pickling and rinsing to reduce the source of aluminum.