中国近代首部西医儿科学译著《西医儿科撮要》探析

The first translation on pediatrics:Er Ke Cuo Yao

《儿科撮要》是晚清时期译介的第一部西医儿科学专著,在中国近代儿科学发展史与近代西医学发展史上占有重要地位。该书由美国传教士医生富马利选编、中国西医学者尹端模笔译,共2卷14分册,包括儿科总论、儿科疾病诊断以及论出牙、论喉咙各症、论胃肠各症、论虫症、论肝病、论腹统膜症、论传染新症等内容,涵盖了西医儿科学中诊断、治疗、养护等知识。《儿科撮要》的底本尚不可考,可能为多种材料综合选编而成,翻译中采用了意译、音译的方法和中医术语,语言通俗易懂。《儿科撮要》反映了近代早期西医儿科学发展的水平,弥补了中医儿科学知识的不足,在小儿常见病、流行病、外科疾病诊治和营养不良防护方面发挥了积极作用。

Er Ke Cuo Yao(The Pediatric Summary)is the first monograph on pediatrics of Western medicine translated and introduced in the late Qing Dynasty.It occupies an important position in the history of the development of modern pediatrics and modern Western medicine in China.Edited by American missionary Mary Hannah Fulton and translated by Chinese Western medicine scholar Yin Duanmo,the book consists of 2 volumes and 14 books,including general discussion of pediatrics,diagnosis of pediatric diseases,and discussion on teething,throat diseases,gastrointestinal diseases,worms,liver diseases,abdominal epimesis,and new infectious diseases,etc.covering the diagnosis,treatment,maintenance and other knowledge of Western medical pediatrics.The source of Er Ke Cuo Yao is not yet available,but it may be a synthesis of various materials,and the translation uses paraphrasing,transliteration,and traditional Chinese medicine terminology,and the language is easy to understand.Er Ke Cuo Yao reflects the level of development of pediatrics in Western medicine in the early modern period,makes up for the lack of pediatrics knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine,and plays an active role in the diagnosis and treatment of common pediatric diseases,epidemiological diseases,surgical diseases,and malnutrition prevention.