文本类文本共生叙事类型学谱系的建构

Construction of New Typological Genealogy of Text-paratext Symbiotic Narrative Theory

在各类文学作品及其周边,类文本要素普遍存在,且因为相对于文本中心由近及远的位置关系,决定其或强或弱、或隐或显的叙事作用。以与文本中心位置的距离为参照,所有类文本要素可以分为边界明晰的三种不同类型:处于文本中心位置的形式符号类文本,具有文本和类文本双重属性的“二象性”特征,发挥着极为隐蔽的等效叙事作用,与文本构成杂糅共生叙事关系;处于近文本中心位置的特定内容类文本,具有对毗邻特定内容的协同性特征,发挥着相对明显的佐助叙事作用,与文本构成邻比共生叙事关系;处于远文本中心位置的特别距离类文本,具有对文本主题交互映衬的互补性特征,发挥着最为显明的照应叙事作用,与文本构成疏离共生叙事关系。由于类文本要素相对于文本中心位置由近及远存在于文学作品及其周边的固有性和普遍性,使得基于类文本位置而建构的以“位置—类型—特征—作用—关系”为逻辑理路的文本类文本共生叙事理论类型学谱系,不仅廓清了类文本的边界问题,而且具有鲜明的普适性应用价值。

In various literary works and their surroundings,paratextual elements are ubiquitous,and their narrative roles vary in strength and visibility depending on their proximity to the text's center.Based on the distance from the center of the text,all paratextual elements can be categorized into 3 distinct types with clear boundaries:formal and symbol paratexts located at the center of the text,characterized by the"duality"of having both text and paratexts attributes,play a highly concealed equivalent narrative role and form a blending symbiotic narrative relationship with the text;specific content paratexts near the center of the text,characterized by collaborative features with adjacent specific content,play a relatively apparent auxiliary narrative role and form an adjacency symbiotic narrative relationship with the text;special distance paratexts far from the center of the text,characterized by complementary features that interact and contrast with the text's theme,play the most prominent coordinating narrative role and form a distancing symbiotic narrative relationship with the text.The inherent and universal presence of paratextual elements at varying distances from the center of the text in literary works and their surroundings makes the construction of a typological genealogy of text-paratext symbiotic narrative theory,based on the logical framework of"position-type-feature-role-relationship",which not only clarifies the boundary problem of paratexts,but also has its distinctive universal application value.