革命文学运动与中国马克思主义文艺意识形态理论的转向

The Revolutionary Literature Movement and the Turn of Marxist Theory on Literary and Artistic Ideology in China

在革命文学运动时期,意识形态理论的演化对马克思主义文艺理论的发展具有重大影响。民国初年马克思主义意识形态理论在作为唯物史观的组成部分传入中国时,日本是重要的理论中转站,此时意识形态的理论重心集中于“精神上的构造”“由经济基础所决定”的两方面意涵。而在革命文学运动中后期,由于中国无产阶级的革命形势及革命理论的发展进入了新阶段,中国马克思主义意识形态理论传播也逐步摒弃了意识形态理论的日本因素,实现了与俄苏马列主义意识形态理论的对接;中国马克思主义意识形态的理论重心,也随之转变为强调文艺与意识形态领域的阶级斗争立场。革命文学运动时期文艺意识形态理论和阶级斗争立场的绾合,对中国革命时期与建设时期都产生了重大影响。理清上述理论转变过程,对于推进新时代马克思主义中国化的理论进程具有重要参考意义。

During the period of the revolutionary literature movement,the dissemination and evolution of Marxist ideological theory significantly impacted the development of Marxist literary and art theory.Initially introduced from Japan as part of historical materialism,Marxist ideological theory focused on the implications of“spiritual structure”and its connection to the“economic basis.”However,as the revolutionary conditions and theoretical development of the Chinese proletariat progressed,the spread of Chinese Marxist ideological theory gradually distanced itself from Japanese influences and aligned with Russian Soviet Marxist Leninist literature and ideology theory.The focus of Chinese Marxist ideological theory also shifted to emphasize class struggle in the fields of literature,art and ideology.Examining the development of Chinese Marxist theory on literature and art is of great importance in advancing the theoretical process of Marxism in China in the new era.