成分及环境对镍基高温合金氧化行为的影响

Effects of Composition and Environment on Oxidation Behavior of Nickel-Based Superalloys

镍基高温合金在恶劣环境下具有优异的力学性能和耐高温性能。镍基高温合金的氧化行为高度依赖于材料的固有性能和氧化膜性能,而氧化膜性能主要取决于合金元素的种类和含量。大气成分、温度、应力、熔融盐等各种环境参数是直接影响材料氧化行为的基本因素。综述了合金元素和服役环境对镍基高温合金氧化行为的影响。铝、铬和钴是有利元素,可以形成致密、结合力强的氧化膜,以保护基体。钛、钼、铌、钨、钽的添加一般被认为会削弱抗氧化性能,但最近的研究有不同的观点。讨论了镍基高温合金的氧化机理,并对镍基高温合金的未来发展进行了展望。

Ni-based superalloys exhibit exceptional mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance,making them suitable for use in aggressive environments.The oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloys is primarily influenced by the intrinsic material properties and oxide scale properties,which are largely dependent on the complex composition and content of alloying elements.Various environmental parameters,including atmosphere composition,temperature,stress and molten salts,directly impact the oxidation behavior of materials.The effects of alloying elements and the service environment on the oxidation behavior of Ni-based superalloys were comprehensively reviewed.Aluminium,chromium and cobalt are considered as favorable elements to form compact and adherent scales that protect the matrix.The addition of titanium,molybdenum,niobium,tungsten and tantalum is traditionally believed to be detrimental.However,recent researches have presented different opinions,which were discussed.The oxidation mechanism was also explored and an insight into the future developments of Ni-based superalloys was provided.