围绝经期静脉血栓栓塞症风险因素及预防治疗研究进展

Research progress on risk factors and prevention and treatment of perimenopausal venous thromboembolism

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)在整体人群中具有较高患病率及继发肺栓塞的高危风险。在诸多受累人群中围绝经期女性VTE的发生机制一直备受关注,围绝经期作为女性性激素紊乱最突出的时期之一,此时因生殖内分泌系统紊乱导致体内性激素失衡或绝经激素疗法(MHT)所带来的副作用,使得多种疾病发作风险骤增。目前,西药、中药及中医特色疗法均取得了较好的预防效果,中西医结合治疗行之有效,安全可靠,可以较好地降低围绝经期女性VTE发生风险。

There is a high prevalence of venous thromboembolism(VTE)in the overall population and high risk of secondary pulmonary embolism.In many affected populations,the pathogenesis of VTE in menopausal women has been attracting much attention.Perimenopause period is one of the most prominent periods of female hormone disorders.The risk of a variety of diseases is increased due to the imbalance of gonadal hormones caused by disruption of the reproductive endocrine system and the side effects of menopausal hormone therapy(MHT).Therefore,this review summarizes the currently established mechanisms and clinical preventive measures for susceptibility to hormone-related VTE risk.