外加氮源对细菌群落及其降解油基钻屑中石油烃的影响

Effects of nitrogen sources addition on bacterial communities and their degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in oil-based drilling cuttings

为探究外加氮源种类对细菌群落及其降解油基钻屑中石油烃降解的影响,基于高通量测序技术和石油烃含量测定常规方法,研究了添加6种不同氮源后油基钻屑生物法处理过程细菌群落多样性、组成及主要基因功能的差异,并分析细菌群落变化与石油烃化合物降解之间的相关性。结果发现,不同氮源的添加使油基钻屑中细菌群落结构出现明显差异,但不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和红球菌属(Rhodococcus)仍是每个样本中的优势菌属,而不同氮源的添加降低了油基钻屑中细菌群落的多样性和丰富度;添加不同氮源的油基钻屑中细菌群落的主要差异(P≤0.001)菌属是新鞘氨醇杆菌属(Novosphingobium)、柄杆菌属(Caulobacter)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium);磷酸氢二铵和酵母粉加入有效促进油基钻屑中主要石油烃成分的降解,多数降解率可达到60%以上;与油基钻屑中主要石油烃成分降解相关的主要菌株是不动杆菌属、红球菌属、芽孢杆菌属、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)、鞘氨醇单胞菌(Sphingomonas)和短波单胞菌属(Brevundimonas)的细菌。通过实验发现外加氮源有利于油基钻屑中主要石油烃主要成分的降解,以期为油基钻屑生物降解技术的现场应用提供参考。

To investigate the impact of different types of nitrogen sources addition on bacterial communities and their degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in oil-based drilling cuttings.The differences in bacterial community diversity,composition,and functions during the biological treatment of oil-based drilling cuttings with six different nitrogen sources were studied,and the correlation between bacterial community changes and petroleum hydrocarbon degradation was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology and conventional methods for determining petroleum hydrocarbon.The results showed that nitrogen sources addition caused significant differences in the bacterial community structure in oil-based drilling cuttings,but Acinetobacter and Rhodococcus were still the dominant genera in each sample,and nitrogen sources addition reduced the diversity and richness of the bacterial community in oil-based drilling cuttings;The main differences(P≤0.001)of bacterial communities in oil-based drilling cuttings were Novosphingobium,Caulobacter,Bacillus and Methylobacterium among the six nitrogen sources addition;The addition of(NH4)2HPO_(4) and yeast extract effectively promoted the degradation of the main petroleum hydrocarbons in oil-based drilling cuttings,with most degradation rates reaching over 60%;The main bacteria related to the degradation of major petroleum hydrocarbon components in oil-based drilling cuttings were Acinetobacter,Rhodococcus,Bacillus,Stenotrophomonas,Sphingomonas and Brevundimonas.It was found that nitrogen sources addition could be beneficial for the degradation of the main components of petroleum hydrocarbons in oil-based drilling cuttings,which could provide a research basis for the on-site application of oil-based drilling cuttings biodegradation technology.