不同APP添加量对复合肥料造粒性能的影响

Effect of different addition amount of ammonium polyphosphate on granulation performance of compound fertilizer

聚磷酸铵(APP)作为近几年备受关注的新型肥料,在农业应用中研究较多且效果显著,但作为原料在复合肥料生产中的研究报道较少。为探究APP与其他肥料的复配和造粒性能,采用APP、磷酸一铵(MAP)、磷酸二铵(DAP)等原料通过复配再造粒制备复合肥料。肥料制备共设计两个方案,其中方案I以APP、MAP、尿素和K_(2)SO_(4)为原料,方案II以APP、DAP、尿素和K_(2)SO_(4)为原料,同时两个方案又分别设定不同的APP添加量作为变量,且对原料配伍性能、造粒过程现象、加水量、成粒率、肥料p H、颗粒强度、颗粒分散性及肥料吸湿性等造粒性能进行了评价。结果表明:APP与其他原料复配再造粒能够制备2~4.75 mm的颗粒产品;当聚合磷质量分数≥40%时,复配性能良好;不同磷源配伍对复合肥料造粒性能有明显影响,方案II的产品成粒率、颗粒强度和分散性均优于方案I,但方案II的吸湿性较强;适宜的APP添加量有利于复合肥料造粒,两个方案均显示在聚合磷质量分数为20%~40%时,肥料产品的成粒率较高,方案I>67%,方案II>77%。

Ammonium polyphosphate(APP),as a new type of fertilizer that has attracted much attention in recent years,has been studied more in agricultural applications with remarkable effects,but less research has been reported as a raw material in the production of compound fertilizers.In order to investigate the compounding and granulation performance of APP with other fertilizers,the APP,monoammonium phosphate(MAP),diammonium phosphate(DAP)and other raw materials were used to prepare compound fertilizers by compounding and then granulation.Two schemes were designed for the preparation of fertilizers,in which Scheme I was based on APP,MAP,urea and K2SO_(4) as raw materials,and Scheme II was based on APP,DAP,urea and K2SO_(4) as raw materials,and the two schemes were set with different APP additions as variables,and the compositions of the raw materials,the phenomenon of the granulation process,the amount of water added,the rate of granulation,the pH of the fertilizer,the strength of the particles,particle dispersion,and the moisture absorption of the fertil‐izer,etc.,were investigated.Fertilizer hygroscopicity and other granulation properties were evaluated.The results showed that APP compounded with other raw materials and then granulated could prepare granular products of 2~4.75 mm.The com‐pounding performance was good when the proportion of polymerized phosphorus was≥40%.Different phosphorus sources had obvious effects on the granulation performance of composite fertilizers,and the granulation rate,particle strength and dispersibility of the products of Scheme II were better than that of Scheme I,but the hygroscopicity of Scheme II was stron‐ger.The appropriate addition amount of APP was conducive to the granulation of composite fertilizers.Both schemes showed that the granulation performance of APP was better than that of Scheme I,but the moisture absorption of Scheme II was more serious than that of Scheme I.The appropriate amount of APP addition is conducive to the granulation of compound fer‐tilizer,and both schemes showed that when the proportion of polymerized phosphorus was 20%~40%,the granulation rate of fertilizer products was higher,with Scheme I>67%and Scheme II>77%.