大规模水能富集电网短期多目标嵌套多能互补运行方式研究

Research on Short-term Multi-objective Nested Multi-energy Complementary Operation Mode of Large-scale Hydro-energy-enriched Power Grid

在“双碳”的背景下,亟需深入研究如何促进多能互补系统内不同能源之间的协同作用,促进能源深度融合。针对这一问题,在考虑水能富集地区大规模电网不同断面输送电任务的情况下,提出一种区分内外层,逐层递进优化并尽可能消纳风光清洁能源,且兼顾全网源荷匹配程度的多目标嵌套多能互补模型,两层均采用混合整数线性规划算法(MILP)进行求解。内层立足于断面角度,以通道利用率最大化为目标,将水风光打捆进行互补优化,使其出力最大化,尽可能占满通道。外层立足于全网角度,以源荷匹配最大化为目标,采用全网水风光电源联合调节后的剩余负荷波动最小来表达源荷匹配目标,使剩余负荷平稳。本文以西南某水能富集地区大规模电网为研究对象,包含304座水电站,12个断面,选取夏秋丰水期和冬春枯水期风光峰谷差最大日、风光平均发电日共4个典型日进行模拟计算,得到电网丰水期平均通道利用率约为80%,枯水期平均通道利用率约为40%,丰枯期内全网剩余负荷波动率均小于5%。得出以下结论:在夏秋丰水期,水风光系统可为电网提供更多电能,在冬春枯水期,水风光系统出力过程更为稳定。在风光出力平稳时期可为电网提供更多电能,同时使得电网运行更为稳定。本次研究成果对大规模水能富集地区电网多能互补优化调度运行提供参考。

In the context of“double carbon”,it is urgent to study how to promote the synergy between different energy sources in the multienergy complementary system and promote the deep integration of energy sources.To address this issue,this paper proposes a multi-objective nested multi-energy complementary model that distinguishes between the inner and outer layers,progressively optimises and consumes as much clean energy as possible from wind and solar,and takes into account the degree of matching between sources and loads of the whole network,with both layers being solved by the Mixed-Integer Linear Programming(MILP)algorithm.The inner layer is based on the crosssection perspective,with the objective of maximising channel utilisation rate,and the water-wind-solar bundles are optimised to maximise their output and occupy the full channel as much as possible.The outer layer is based on the perspective of the whole network,taking the maximisation of source-load matching as the objective,and adopting the minimum fluctuation of the residual load after the joint regulation of water-wind-solar power sources in the whole network to express the objective of source-load matching,so as to make the residual load smooth.This paper takes a large-scale power grid in a hydro-energy-rich area in Southwest China as the research object,including 304 hydropower stations and 12 sections.We select four typical days for simulation:the maximum day of the peak-valley difference between wind and light,and the average power generation day of wind and light in the summer and autumn flooding period,and the average day of the winter and spring drying period.The average channel utilization rate of the power grid is about 80%during the abundant water period and 40%during the dry water period,and the residual load fluctuation rate of the whole network during the abundant and dry periods is less than 5%.The following conclusions are drawn:in summer and autumn flood season,the water-wind-scenery system can provide more power for the grid,and in winter and spring dry season,the water-wind-scenery system is more stable in the process of power output.In the period of smooth power output of wind and solar system,it can provide more power for the power grid,and at the same time,it makes the power grid operation more stable.The results of this study provide a reference for the optimal scheduling and operation of multi-energy complementary power grids in large-scale hydro-energy-rich areas.