青海高原多民族仪式乐舞神话面具中的狞厉之美

The Savage Beauty of the Mythical Masks of Multi-ethnic Ritual Music and Dance in Qinghai Plateau

乐舞“面具”文化是世界共有的,不同地域、不同信仰、不同民族的文化符号有着独特之姿,面具文化中具有的神话因子塑造了面具文化中的神秘色彩,生发“狞厉”的独特美学观点,构成了多元文化中丰富绮丽且对民族文化“关照”的另一种透视视角。“面具”作为青海多民族仪式乐舞的展现肩负着对民族悠久历史文化的解说任务,可以说是乐舞历史、人文历史的“古代乐舞活化石”。本文从青海高原的地域视角,探究本区域内多民族神话文本对乐舞面具起到怎样的支撑作用,并找寻面具文化中独有的狞厉美双重表达,笔者认为通过文化多样美的物质符号,找寻“美”背后的隐喻所指与能指,以独特的关照视角打开一种人与文化,人与世界不同的研究理路,研究这种联系对于建立“少数民族艺术中的文化与其神话、美学之间的联系”这一范式结构有着一定的参考价值。

The"mask"culture of music and dance is shared by the world,and the cultural symbols of different regions,different beliefs and different nations have unique poses.The mythical factors in the mask culture have shaped the mysterious color in the mask culture,and the unique aesthetic view of"fierce beauty"has been induced,which constitutes another perspective that is rich and beautiful in the multi-culture and"takes care of"the national culture.As the display of multi-ethnic ritual music and dance in Qinghai,"mask"shoulders the task of explaining the long history and culture of the nation,and can be said to be the"living fossil of ancient music and dance"in the history of music and dance and humanistic history.From the regional perspective of Qinghai Plateau,this paper explores how the multi-ethnic mythology texts in the region support the masks of music and dance,and looks for the unique dual expression of fierce beauty in the mask culture.The author believes that through the material symbols of diverse cultural beauty,the metaphorical signifier and signifier behind"beauty"are found,and a new approach of studying people and culture as well as people and the world are found with a unique perspective of care.The study of the relationship between people and culture and people and the world has a certain reference value for the establishment of the paradigm structure of"the relationship between the culture of the ethnic art and its mythology and aesthetics".