机车驾驶室垂向动力学建模与舒适性问题研究

Research on Dynamics and Comfort of Wide-gauge Electric Locomotive Cab

为了研究机车在行驶过程中不同速度下的机车驾驶室座椅地板的振动情况,判断其不同速度下的舒适性,降低机车驾驶人员在振动环境中引起职业病的可能性。本文应用子结构法构建了机车多体动力学模型,计算了在不同行驶速度工况下的驾驶室座椅地板处的振动加速度,结合舒适性标准确定不同速度下驾驶室座椅舒适性情况;针对120 km/h行驶速度计算宽轨电力机车驾驶室座椅地板处的随机动态响应,明确其峰值最大值所在的频率范围。分析结果表明:随着速度的提高,宽轨电力机车的驾驶室座椅地板的垂向振动加速度明显增大,舒适性等级由1级变为3级,舒适性明显降低。在频率点16.489 Hz和18.815 Hz时振动位移和振动加速度会产生峰值。

Objective To investigate the vibration of the locomotive cab seat floor at different speeds during driving,judge the comfort at different speeds,and reduce the possibility of occupational diseases of the locomotive driver caused by the vibration environment.In this paper,the substructure method is used to construct the multi-body dynamics model of the locomotive,and the vibration acceleration of cab seat floor under different driving speed conditions is calculated.The comfort of cab seat floor at different speeds is determined by comfort standard.The random dynamic response at the cab seat floor of the wide-gauge electric locomotive is calculated for the 120 km/h driving speed,and the frequency range where the maximum peak value is located is determined.The analysis results show that with the increase of speed,the vertical vibration acceleration of the cab seat floor of the wide rail electric locomotive increases obviously,the comfort level changes from level 1 to level 3,and the comfort is obviously reduced.At the frequency points of 16.489 Hz and 18.815 Hz,the vibration displacement and vibration acceleration will peak.