清昭西陵隆恩殿柱头科斗拱研究

Research on the Bracket Set on Columns of the Long-en Temple in Zhaoxi-ling

清昭西陵建筑是清初官式建筑的典型代表。十九世纪60年代,其隆恩殿因破败被迫落架保护,大量构件被集中保存。在对隆恩殿平身科研究的基础上,结合前辈学者基于清工部《工程做法》与实例的著作,发现并分析了柱头科独特的连做构件及以此引发的构造问题,揭示了昭西陵隆恩殿柱头科的尺寸设计方法与独特的构造做法,以期厘清清初斗拱承上启下的发展流变过程,为正确解读中国建筑技术史发展环节贡献力量。

The architecture of Zhaoxi-ling is a typical representative of the royal architecture in the early Qing Dynasty.The Long-en Temple of Zhaoxi-ling collapsed seriously because it was in disrepair,so that the structure was dismantled to protect by the government in the 1960s and a number of bracket arches are centrally preserved.Through further exploration of the bracket set on columns of the Long-en Temple in Zhaoxi-ling,this paper discovers the unique co-made components and the problems of construction caused by them,based on the research of the bracket sets between columns,combining works based on Qinggongbu Gongcheng Zuofɑand the actual cases researched by seniors.The design method in size and unique construction of the bracket set on columns of the Long-en Temple in Zhaoxi-ling are revealed in order to clarify the developmental process of the bucket arch in the early Qing Dynasty.