鱼台地区克氏原螯虾形态性状对体质量的影响分析及曲线拟合

Analysis of effects of morphological traits on body mass and curve fitting of adult red swamp crawfish(Procambarus clarkii)from Yutai area,Shandong Province

【目的】明确山东鱼台地区克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)成虾的形态性状和体质量间的关系。【方法】采用相关分析、通径分析、逐步回归等方法开展研究。本文测量了195尾体质量≥15 g的克氏原螯虾的体质量及其12个形态性状数据,研究形态性状对体质量的影响,构建主要影响性状与体质量的拟合曲线。【结果】影响雌性群体体质量的主要性状是全长(X_(2))、头胸甲宽(X_(7))、螯钳宽(X_(5))和尾节宽(X_(10));影响雄性群体体质量的主要性状是螯钳宽、头胸甲长(X_(6))和头胸甲宽;影响混合群体体质量的主要性状是全长、螯钳宽和头胸甲宽。以显著性状为自变量、体质量为因变量,构建多元回归方程,雌性群体:yfemale=−29.103+0.169X_(2)+1.018X_(7)+0.694X_(5)+0.561X_(10)(R^(2)=0.856);雄性群体:y_(male)=−38.973+1.243X_(5)+0.209X_(6)+1.882X_(7)(R^(2)=0.918);混合群体:y_(mixed)=−48.475+0.395X_(2)+1.368X_(5)+0.97X_(7)(R^(2)=0.932)。鱼台地区克氏原螯虾主要形态性状和体质量关系的最佳拟合曲线模型以二项式为主;混合群体中头胸甲宽和体质量关系的最佳拟合曲线模型是幂函数;雌性群体中螯钳宽和体质量关系的最佳拟合曲线是指数函数。不同群体曲线模型类型不完全相同。【结论】在基于体质量对鱼台地区克氏原螯虾选育中,建议雄性群体以头胸甲宽为主要参考性状,螯钳宽和头胸甲长为辅助参考性状;雌性群体以头胸甲宽为主要参考性状,螯钳宽、全长和尾节宽尾为辅助参考性状;混合群体中以螯钳宽为主要参考性状,头胸甲宽和全长为辅助参考性状。鱼台地区克氏原螯虾主要形态性状与体质量关系的拟合曲线模型以二项式为主。【意义】本研究结果为克氏原螯虾的遗传选育提供参考依据。

[Objective]To investigate the correlation between morphological characteristics and body mass of red swamp crawfish(Procambarus clarkii)in the Yutai area of Shandong Province.[Methods]Through correlation analysis,path analysis,and decisive analysis.The study measured the body mass and 12 morphological traits of 195 tail P.clarkii(weighing≥15 g),and examined the impact of morphological traits on body mass.Additionally,the study established a regression equation for body mass using stepwise regression and constructed fit curves for individual traits and body mass.[Results]The results revealed that the coefficient of variation of body mass was highest across all populations,indicating that body mass had a greater selection potential compared to other traits.Moreover,morphological traits were significantly correlated with body mass in mature individuals(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Path analysis and decisive analysis further identified key traits influencing body mass within different populations.For females,total length,head breastplate width,pincers width,and telson length were primary factors,while for males,pincers width,head breastplate length,and head breastplate width were significant.In mixed populations,total length,pincers width,and head breastplate width played major roles.Regression equations for females,males,and mixed populations,with morphological traits as independent variables and body mass as the dependent variable,were derived as follows.Female population:y_(female)=−29.103+0.169X_(2)+1.018X_(7)+0.694X_(5)+0.561X_(10)(R^(2)=0.856);male population:y_(male)=−38.973+1.243X_(5)+0.209X_(6)+1.882X_(7)(R^(2)=0.918);mixed populations:ymixed=−48.475+0.395X_(2)+1.368X_(5)+0.97X_(7)(R^(2)=0.932).The fit curve models for the main morphological traits and body mass of P.clarkii in Yutai area were mainly binomial models,otherwaise the fit curve model for head breastplate width and body mass in mixed populations was power function model,the fit curve model for pincers width and body mass in female population was the exponential function model.Curve model types in different populations were also different.[Conclusion]In the breeding of P.clarkii in Yutai area,head breastplate width should be considered firstly,while pincers width and head breastplate length should be as assistant traits in the selection in male population.Head breastplate width should be considered firstly,while pincers width,total length and telson width should be as assistant traits in the selection in female population.Pincers width should be considered firstly,while total length and head breastplate width should be as assistant traits in the selection in mixed populations.Fit curve models predominantly followed binomial patterns for main morphological traits and body mass of P.clarkii in Yutai area.[Significance]The results of this study may provide reference for the genetic breeding of P.clarkii.