福建厦门地区牛奶蛋白过敏患儿与健康儿童间肠道菌群结构和分布的差异分析

Differential analysis of the structure and distribution of gut microbiota between children with cow's milk protein allergy and healthy children in Xiamen,Fujian,China

目的不同地区人群肠道菌群分布具有较大差异,本研究旨在探究福建厦门地区牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)患儿和健康儿童间肠道菌群的结构与分布,揭示肠道菌群与CMPA发生发展的关联性。方法收集2022年6月至2023年3月在厦门市儿童医院确诊的30例CMPA患儿的粪便样本,同时收集30例同龄健康儿童粪便样本,通过16S rDNA基因测序和生物信息学方法分析两组人群肠道菌群结构和分布差异。结果CMPA患儿和健康儿童的肠道菌群结构和分布具有较大差异。组间α多样性指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而ANOSIM检验结果显示,两组样本间肠道菌群分布差异有统计学意义(R=0.037,P<0.05)。β多样性指数PCA分析表明,两组间的菌群结构差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与健康儿童相比,CMPA患儿中嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌属丰度显著降低,棒状杆菌属丰度显著升高。LEfSe分析显示,变形菌门主要在CMPA患儿中富集,而毛螺菌科主要富集于健康儿童组。此外,KEGG分析表明,CMPA患儿中20条通路的富集度显著降低(P<0.05),如果糖和甘露糖代谢。COG分析显示CMPA患儿中半乳糖变位旋转酶及其相关酶等通路富集度显著降低(P<0.05),而预测的金属硫簇生物合成酶等2条通路富集度显著升高(P<0.05)。结论CMPA患儿和健康儿童的肠道菌群结构和分布存在显著差异,提示CMPA的发生发展与肠道菌群有一定相关性。

ObjectiveThere are significant differences in the distribution of gut microbiota among different populations in different regions.This study mainly explores the structure and distribution of gut microbiota between cow's milk protein allergy(CMPA)children and healthy children in Xiamen,Fujian,and further explores the correlation between gut microbiota and the occurrence and development of CMPA.MethodsFecal samples have been collected from 30 children with CMPA diagnosed at Xiamen Children’s Hospital from June 2022 to March 2023,and fecal samples from 30 healthy children of the same age have also been collected.The structure and distribution of gut microbiota between the two groups were analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.ResultsThe structure and distribution of gut microbiota between CMPA children and healthy children were quite different.There were no significant differences inαdiversity index between groups(P>0.05).The analysis of similarities test results showed that there was a significant difference in the distribution of gut microbiota between two groups(R=0.037,P<0.05).Theβdiversity index from PCA showed that there was a significant difference in bacterial community structure between two groups(P<0.05).Compared with healthy children,the abundance of Akkermansia in CMPA children was significantly decreased and the abundance of Corynebacterium was significantly increased in CMPA children.LEfSe showed that Proteobacteria were mainly enriched in CMPA children,while Lachnospiraceae were mainly enriched in healthy children.In addition,KEGG analysis showed that the top enrichment of 20 pathways,such as Fructose and mannose metabolism,was significantly decreased in CMPA children(P<0.05).COG analysis showed that the enrichment of pathways such as Galactose mutarotase and related enzymes was significantly decreased in CMPA children(P<0.05),while the enrichment of pathways including Predicted metal-sulfur cluster biosynthetic enzyme and other two pathways was significantly increased(P<0.05).ConclusionThere are significant differences in the structure and distribution of gut microbiota between CMPA children and healthy children,suggesting that a strong correlation between the occurrence and development of CMPA and the gut microbiota.