《海警法》出台背景下海上治安管理的特性及其规范体系构建

The Characteristics of Maritime Security Management and the Construction of Its Normative System under the Background of the Promulgation of the Coast Guard Law

随着《海警法》的颁布,我国治安管理从“一个领域、一个主体、一套法规、一个标准”的一元化模式向陆上和海上二元化模式转变,执法主体照搬适用一元体制的规范体系必然会导致许多问题,同时现行治安管理法规也未完全考虑到海上治安管理在程序、实体等方面的特性与要求,其内容不能完全适应海上治安管理的需要,掣肘海上治安秩序的维护。海洋强国、“一带一路”等国家战略对海洋管理不断提出更高的要求,为了维护我国海洋权益和安全,有效管控海上公共安全秩序,有必要对海上治安管理的范畴、特性进行重新厘定,并以此为基础建立起适应新形势的海上治安管理规范体系。

The promulgation of the Coast Guard Law has transformed the public security management of China from the unified mode of"one field,one subject,one set of regulations and one standard"to the dual mode of the land and the sea.Copying the normative system applicable to the original unified mode will inevitably lead to many problems from the perspective of law enforcement subjects.In addition,the current public security management laws and regulations do not fully consider the characteristics and requirements of maritime public security management in terms of procedures,substance and other aspects,and as a result the contents cannot fully meet the needs of maritime public security management,which constrains the maintenance of maritime public security.The national strategies such as building China into a maritime power and the"One Belt,One Road"strategy has been making more demands on marine management.In order to protect our maritime rights and interests and safety,and effectively maintain the order of maritime public security,it is necessary to redefine the scope and characteristics of maritime public security management,and on this basis,establish a regulatory system of maritime public security management to adapt to the new circumstances.