高低温条件下隔离开关零部件机械特性研究及稳定性提升措施

Research on Mechanical Characteristics and Stability Improvement Measures of Disconnector Parts Under Hot and Cold Temperature Conditions

以隔离开关关键零部件为研究对象,设计高低温试验箱,研究环境温度变化对隔离开关关键零部件材料特性的影响程度,通过对6005-T5、T2Y、ZL101、Q235四种材料的抗拉强度、端面收缩率、0.2%非比例延伸强度、弹性模量和泊松比等关键性能指标的试验研究,掌握了4种材料关键性能指标随环境温度变化的规律。其次,搭建高低温试验平台并设计能够连续旋转的触头系统,研究环境温度对触头触指接触压力、弹簧力值和触指镀银层耐磨性的影响,得到了触头触指接触压力在5个温度点的变化率基本在±6%之间,触指弹簧力值变化率小于3%,触头触指镀银层磨损量随温度的升高先减小后增大,在0℃时,触头触指磨损量最小。并根据隔离开关结构特点,提出了针对材料、结构设计及高低温适应性试验等方面的措施,为进一步提高隔离开关在高低温环境下运行稳定性奠定理论基础。

The key parts of the disconnector is taken as the research object,a high and low temperature test chamber is designed to study the influence degree of environmental temperature variation on the material properties of the key parts of disconnector.First,through the experimental research on such key performance index as tensile strength,end face shrinkage,0.2%non-proportional elongation strength,elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of such four kinds of material as 6005-T5,T2Y,ZL101,Q235,the variation of the key performance index of the 4 kinds of materials with the ambient temperature is mastered.Then,the high and low temperature test platform is set up and a contact system which can rotate continuously is designed so to study the influence of ambient temperature on the contacting pressure of contact finger,spring force,and wear resistance of the silver plating layer.The variation rate of the contacting pressure of the contact finger at 5 temperature points is basically between±6%,and the variation rate of contact finger spring force is less than 3%,the wear amount of the silver plating layer on the contact finger decreases first and then increases with the increase of temperature.At 0℃,the wear amount of the contact finger of the contact is the smallest.Based on the structural characteristics of the disconnector,measures have been proposed in terms of materials,structural design,and high and low temperature adaptability tests,which lay a theoretical foundation for further improving the stability of the disconnector in high and low temperature environments.