环境规制影响企业绿色创新的异质性分析

Heterogeneity Analysis of Environmental Regulation Affecting Enterprise Green Innovation

本文将环境规制与企业绿色创新纳入统一的分析框架,考察环境规制对企业绿色创新的影响机制,并重点关注绿色专利类型维度、企业所有制维度以及行业属性维度的异质性特征。研究发现:整体而言,环境规制对企业绿色创新具有U型非线性影响,当环境规制强度超过一定临界值后,其对企业绿色创新的影响将由抑制效应转变为促进效应;相较于绿色实用新型专利,环境规制对绿色发明专利的影响更加突出;环境规制对非制造业企业绿色创新表现为单调的促进效应,对制造业企业绿色创新的影响则为U型;同时,环境规制对不同所有制企业绿色创新的影响均为U型,但非国有企业所面临的临界值明显更小。据此提出,环境规制策略的制定不能“一刀切”,而应积极设计差异化的环境规制策略。

This paper puts environmental regulation and enterprise green innovation into a unified analysis framework,investigates the mechanism of environmental regulation’s influence on enterprise green innovation,and focuses on the heterogeneity of green patent type,enterprise ownership and industry attribute.The results show that the environmental regulation has a U-shaped nonlinear influence on enterprise green innovation.When the intensity of environmental regu-lation exceeds a certain critical value,the influence of environmental regulation on enterprise green innovation will change from inhibition effect to promotion effect.Compared with green utility model patents,environmental regulation has a more prominent influence on green invention patents.Environmental regulation has a monotonous growth promoting effect on non-manufacturing enterprise green innovation,while its influence on manufacturing enterprise green innovation is U-shaped.Moreover,the influence of environmental regulation on green innovation of different ownership enterprises is U-shaped,but the critical value faced by non-state-owned enterprises is obviously smaller.Consequently,this paper puts forward that the formulation of environmental regulation strategies should not be“one size fits all”,but should actively design differentiated environmental regulation strategies.