光催化耦合生物反应器降解抗生素效能及抗生素抗性基因消长机制研究进展

REVIEW OF ANTIBIOTIC DEGRADATION EFFICACY AND EVOLUTION MECHANISM OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES IN ICPB REACTORS

近年来,抗生素的广泛使用导致环境中抗生素污染和耐药性问题愈发突出,对生态环境安全构成严重威胁。在抗生素降解的过程中,传统的单一化学或者生物处理工艺具有高能耗、低效率的缺点,而光催化耦合微生物技术(ICPB)可实现抗生素的高效降解和矿化,受到广泛关注。通过总结ICPB反应器降解抗生素的效能及影响因素,对其中抗生素的降解过程及微生物群落的演替特征进行综述,并深入分析抗性基因(ARGs)的赋存特征和演变机制。结果表明:目前ICPB反应器已被证明在降解抗生素方面有着优异的性能,反应器中微生物群落结构和细胞生理代谢功能发生了适应性调整,从而导致了ARGs的消长。建议持续加强ICPB反应器中ARGs消长机制和调控技术的研究,为研发高效去除抗生素协同ARGs削减工艺提供理论支撑和技术支持。

In recent years,the extensive use of antibiotics has led to increasingly prominent problems of antibiotic contamination and resistance in the environment,posing a serious threat to ecological security.During the degradation of antibiotics,traditional single chemical or biological treatment processes have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and low efficiency,while intimately coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation(ICPB)can achieve efficient degradation and complete mineralization of antibiotics.In this review,the efficiency and influencing factors of antibiotic degradation in ICPB reactors were summarized to review the antibiotic degradation process and microbial community succession characteristics.Furthermore,the assignment characteristics and evolution mechanism of ARGs in ICPB reactors were analyzed.The results showed that the ICPB reactors have been proven to have excellent performance in degrading antibiotics,and the microbial community structure and cell physiological and metabolic functions in the reactors have been undergoing adaptive adjustments,which led to the evolution and flow of ARGs.It is recommended to strengthen the research of ARGs in the ICPB reactors to provide theoretical and technical support for the development of processes for efficient removal of antibiotics and ARGs.