信号交叉口右转交通安全的影响因素研究

Research on Influencing Factors of Right-Turn Traffic Safety at Signalized Intersections

为研究人、车、路、环境因素对信号控制交叉口右转车辆与行人交互的安全影响机理,收集了51名驾驶员在28组不同交叉口设计参数和交通运行场景下的右转行驶轨迹,以车辆平均穿行速度、最大减速度、后侵入时间为表征指标,采用CatBoost-SHAP模型分析了交叉口设计、交通运行和驾驶人特征对右转车辆行驶稳定性和行人过街安全性的影响重要度,运用路径分析探索了各因素对交叉口右转运行安全的影响路径.研究结果表明:交叉口设计和交通运行特征既对行人过街安全有直接作用,又通过影响右转车辆的最大减速度对其产生间接作用.交叉口转弯半径的增加会降低右转车辆行驶稳定性,增大行人过街的安全风险;相比右转专用车道和直右混行车道,交通岛后右转车道上的行人面临更大的事故风险,驾驶员的平均穿行速度和最大减速度最高可分别增加2.182m·s^(-1)和1.034m·s^(-2);右转车辆在行人流量增大时运行更加平稳,在后方有直行车辆跟随且鸣笛时则表现得更为激进.

To investigate the impact mechanism of pedestrian,vehicle,roadway and environmental factors on right-turn traffic safety at signalized intersections,driving trajectories of 51 drivers across 28 different scenarios encompassing various intersection design features and traffic conditions were collected and analyzed.Taking the average vehicle crossing speed,maximum deceleration,and post-encroachment time as representative indicators,the CatBoost-SHAP model and path analysis were utilized to explore the impact of intersection design,traffic operation,and driver characteristics on driving stability and safety of right-turning vehicles,including their importance and influence paths.The results indicate that intersection design and traffic characteristics have both a direct impact on pedestrian safety and an indirect effect through their influence on the maximum deceleration of right-turning vehicles.An increase in the turning radius will reduce the driving stability of right-turning vehicles and increase the crash risk of pedestrians.Compared to dedicated right-turn lanes and straight-right mixed lanes,pedestrians on the right-turn lane behind a traffic island face a greater risk of encountering a crash,as the average vehicle crossing speed and maximum deceleration on the latter can increase by up to 2.182m·s^(-1)and 1.034m·s^(-2),respectively.The right-turning vehicles demonstrate enhanced stability in the presence of a higher volume of pedestrians,while their behavior becomes more aggressive when they are followed by straight-going cars honking their horns.