不同品种(系)阳荷花苞营养成分及代谢物差异分析

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Metabolite Differences in Flower Buds of Different Varieties(strains)of Zingiber striolatum Diels

为明确云南省文山地区不同栽培品种(系)阳荷花苞营养成分及代谢物差异。收集不同品种(系)阳荷[包括外引1号(A1)、文阳荷1号(A2)、文阳荷2号(A3)、文阳荷3号(A4)]花苞,进行可溶性蛋白、总糖、类黄酮、VC、总酸度及代谢物检测。结果表明,A4的总糖、类黄酮、VC含量和总酸均显著高于其他品种(系),分别为1246.546μg/g、0.747 mg/g、237.725μg/g和0.396%。隶属函数分析得分结果显示A4>A2>A3>A1,即品质最好的是文阳荷3号,其次是文阳荷1号和文阳荷2号,最后是外引1号。代谢物比较中,4个品种(系)阳荷花苞共检测到758种代谢物,包括氨基酸及其衍生物145个,占比19%;类黄酮110个,占比15%;糖类及其衍生物85个,占比11%;脂质79个,占比11%;有机酸及其衍生物72个,占比10%等。对各比较组差异代谢物进行数量统计,上调差异代谢物数量为26~55,下调差异代谢物数量为38~69,总差异代谢物数量为84~104。发现A4与A1、A2、A3间上调/下调代谢物数量差异较大。A1、A2、A3糖类及其衍生物、有机酸及其衍生物个数高于A4。但A4(文阳荷3号)中类黄酮代谢物个数显著高于A1、A2、A3,如矢车菊素3-O-芸香糖苷(keracyanin chloride)、矢车菊素3-O-葡萄糖苷(cyanidin 3-O-glucoside)等。研究结果可为阳荷资源评价、利用及品种选育提供参考。

To elucidate the disparities in nutritional constituents and metabolites among flower buds of distinct cultivated varieties(strains)of Zingiber striolatum Diels in the Wenshan region,we collected flower buds from different varieties,Waiying 1(A1),Wenyanghe 1(A2),Wenyanghe 2(A3),and Wenyanghe 3(A4)for comprehensive analysis of soluble protein,total sugar,flavonoids,vitamin C,total acidity and metabolites.The results revealed that A4 exhibited significantly higher levels of total sugar(1246.546μg·g-1),flavonoids(0.747 mg·g-1),vitamin C content(237.725μg·g-1),and total acid(0.396%)than the other varieties(strains).Additionally,membership function analysis scores indicated that the quality ranking was as follows:A4>A2>A3>A1,with Wenyanghe 3(A4)demonstrating the highest quality.In the comparison of metabolites,a total of 758 metabolites were detected,including 145 amino acids and their derivatives,accounting for 19%.There were 110 flavonoids,accounting for 15%.Additionally,there were 85 sugars and their derivatives(11%),as well as 79 lipids(11%)and 72 organic acids and their derivatives(10%).The quantitative statistics of the differentially expressed metabolites in each comparison group revealed that the number of upregulated differentially abundant metabolites ranged from 26 to 55.However,the number of downregulated differentially abundant metabolites ranged from 38 to 69.Overall,the total number of differentially abundant metabolites ranged from 84 to 104.Significant disparities were observed in the upregulation/downregulation of metabolites between A4 and A1,A2,and A3.The number of carbohydrates and their derivatives,as well as organic acids and their derivatives,exhibited higher levels in A1,A2,and A3 compared to A4.However,in terms of flavonoid metabolism-related compounds,Keracyanin chloride,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,and other substances exhibited significantly higher quantities in A4 than in A1,A2,and A3.This study provides valuable insights for evaluating resources and promoting the utilization and breeding selection of Z.striolatum.