树莓不同品种中主要活性成分含量的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of the Contents of the Main Active Components in Different Raspberry Varieties

树莓是一种药食同源的浆果植物,鲜果中存在多种活性成分,具有明确或潜在的药理活性。以贵州省当地主栽5个树莓品种为试验材料,测定其中主要活性成分含量并进行比较分析。结果表明:不同品种树莓果实的活性成分含量存在显著差异,花青素含量变幅为2.66~79.52 mg/hg,多糖为262.23~438.36 mg/hg,总酸为2.08~19.49 g/kg,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)为702.34~1030.23 U/g,黄酮为53.76~160.65 mg/hg,树莓酮为0.30~76.70 mg/hg,槲皮素为0.35~2.41 mg/hg,锌含量为2.06~3.17 mg/kg,硒含量为0.0012~0.0018 mg/kg。糖酸比结果显示,树莓本地品种1号、本地品种2号及黑莓口感较好,本地品种1号的主要活性成分实测值普遍居高,表现突出,是营养价值极高的树莓品种。树莓活性成分具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌、消炎等功效和作用,本研究为树莓活性成分研究和加工提供理论参考。

Raspberry is a berry plant of medicinal and edible origin.There are many active ingredients in fresh fruit with clear or potential pharmacological activities.In this study,five main local raspberry varieties in Guizhou Province were used as experimental materials,and the contents of the main active components were determined and compared.The results showed significant differences in the content of active ingredients in the fruits of different varieties of raspberries.The anthocyanin content ranged from 2.66 mg·100 g^(–1) to 79.52 mg·hg^(–1),the polysaccharide content ranged from 262.23 mg·hg^(–1) to 438.36 mg·hg^(–1),total acids from 2.08 g·kg^(–1) to 19.49 g·kg^(–1),superoxide dismutase(SOD)from 702.34 U·g^(–1) to 1030.23 U·g^(–1),flavonoids from 53.76 mg·hg^(–1) to 160.65 mg·hg^(–1),raspberry ketone from 0.30 mg·hg^(–1) to 76.70 mg·hg^(–1),quercetin from 0.35 mg·hg^(–1) to 2.41 mg·hg^(–1),Zinc content is 2.06~3.17 mg·kg^(–1),and the selenium content ranged from 0.0012~0.0018 mg·kg^(–1).Among them,local raspberry variety 1,local variety 2,and blackberry showed good taste according to the sugar-acid ratio.The main active ingredients of local variety 1,which is a highly nutritious raspberry variety,were generally the most abundant.The contents of anthocyanins,polysaccharides,total acids,superoxide dismutase(SOD),flavonoids,raspberry ketone,and quercetin in five different varieties of fresh raspberry fruit were determined.The results revealed differences in the active components of the different varieties of raspberries.The measured values of the main active components of the local variety No.1 are generally the highest,and the performance is outstanding.It is a raspberry variety with high nutritional value.The other varieties had different performances:among them,local variety 2 had the highest contents of raspberry ketone and quercetin.The varieties with high zinc and selenium contents were the local variety No.1 and the yellow berry.However,local variety 1,local variety 2,and blackberry showed better taste through the sugar and acid ratio.The active ingredients of raspberry have many functions and effects,such as antioxidant,antitumor,antibacterial,and anti-inflammatory effects,providing a theoretical reference for the research and processing of the active ingredients of raspberry.