慢性心力衰竭患者自我感受负担水平及其危险因素分析

Level of self-perceived burden and its risk factors in patients with chronic heart failure

目的分析慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者自我感受负担水平,并探讨其危险因素。方法采用前瞻性、观察性研究方法,选择萍乡矿业集团有限责任公司总医院2019-10-01-2021-10-31收治的72例CHF患者作为研究对象,采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)对患者自我感受负担水平进行评估,并收集患者基线资料,方差分析或t检验对比不同资料特征CHF患者SPBS评分,线性回归分析影响CHF患者自我感受负担水平的危险因素。结果72例患者自我感受负担处于中度负担水平,SPBS评分平均得分为(33.55±5.27)分。单因素分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁患者SPBS评分为(37.23±6.32)分,高于年龄<60岁患者的(21.65±3.62)分,t=9.656,P<0.001;病程≥5年患者SPBS评分为(42.60±6.95)分,高于病程<5年患者的(25.45±4.11)分,t=12.903,P<0.001;消极应对患者SPBS评分为(41.47±6.02)分,高于积极应对患者的(29.83±5.12)分,t=8.498,P<0.001;日常生活能力低下患者SPBS评分为(46.18±2.69)分,高于日常生活能力正常患者的(25.51±4.95)分,t=20.242,P<0.001;家庭关怀度低水平患者SPBS评分为(38.66±4.50)分,高于家庭关怀度中高水平患者的(28.56±3.34)分,t=10.407,P<0.001。线性回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁(B=9.980,95%CI为8.355~11.606,P<0.001)、病程≥5年(B=3.667,95%CI为1.360~5.973,P=0.002)、消极应对(B=5.878,95%CI为3.420~8.337,P<0.001)、日常生活能力低下(B=3.600,95%CI为0.583~6.617,P=0.020)和家庭关怀度低水平(B=6.109,95%CI为4.768~7.451,P<0.001)均是CHF患者自我感受负担中度水平的危险因素。结论CHF患者自我感受负担处于中等水平,可能受患者年龄、病程、应对方式、日常生活能力和家庭关怀度等因素影响。

Objective To analyze the level of self-perceived burden in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)and explore its risk factors.Methods A prospective and observational study was adopted.Totally 72 patients with CHF admitted to Pingxiang Mining Group Co.,Ltd.General Hospital from 2019-10-01 to 2021-10-31 were selected as the study objects.The self-perceived burden scale(SPBS)was used to assess the level of patients'self-perceived burden,and baseline data of patients were collected.The SPBS score of CHF patierts with different data characteristics was compared by ANOVA or t test,and the risk factors affecting the level of self-perceived burden of CHF patients were analyzed by linear regression.Results The average SPBS score of 72 patients was(33.55±5.27)points.Univariate analysis showed that the SPBS score of patients aged≥60 years was(37.23±6.32)points,which was higher than that of patients aged<60 years(21.65±3.62)points,t=9.656,P<0.001.SPBS score of patients with a disease duration of≥5 years was(42.60±6.95)points,which was higher than that of patients with<5 years of disease course(25.45±4.11)points,t=12.903,P<0.001.The SPBS score of passive coping patients was(41.47±6.02)points,higher than that of active coping patients(29.83±5.12)points,t=8.498,P<0.001.The SPBS score of patients with low daily living ability was(46.18±2.69)points,which was higher than that of patients with normal daily living ability(25.51±4.95)points,t=20.242,P<0.001.The SPBS score of patients with low family caring degree was(38.66±4.50)points,which was higher than that of patients with medium and high family caring degree(28.56±3.34)points,t=10.407,P<0.001.Linear regression analysis showed that age≥60 years(B=9.980,95%CI was 8.355-11.606,P<0.001),disease duration≥5years(B=3.667,95%CI was 1.360-5.973,P=0.002),negative coping(B=5,878,95%CI was 3.420-8.337,P<0.001),poor ability of daily living(B=3.600,95%CI was 0.583-6.617,P=0.020),and low family caring(B=6.109,95%CI was 4.768-7.451,P<0.001)were risk factors for moderate levels of self-perceived burden in CHF patients.Conclusion The self-perceived burden of CHF patients is at a moderate level,which may be affected by the age of patients,the course of disease,coping style,daily living ability and family caring degree.