2005-2022年济南市急性出血性结膜炎流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Jinan from 2005 to 2022

目的分析2005-2022年济南市急性出血性结膜炎(AHC)流行特征,为制定监测和预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2005-2022年济南市AHC疫情数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析流行特征。结果2005-2022年济南市共报告AHC为835例,年均发病率0.65/10万,分别在2010和2019年出现2个发病高峰,其余时间保持在较低发病水平;中心城区年均发病率显著高于非中心城区,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=58.16,P<0.001;发病主要集中在8-10月,9月份发病最多,占25.27%;男性年均发病率显著高于女性,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=29.81,P<0.001;50岁以下病例占79.04%,21~30岁年龄组发病最多占20.24%;职业以农民、学生、工人、幼托儿童和散居儿童为主,学生发病数和占比逐年下降(χ^(2)_(趋势)=84.15,P<0.001),农民发病数和占比逐年上升,χ^(2)_(趋势)=173.90,P<0.001;76.05%的病例能在3 d内诊断,散居儿童诊断及时性显著低于学生、农民、工人、幼托儿童,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=32.29,P=0.001。结论2005-2022年济南市AHC疫情总体处于较低发病水平,未出现每隔几年发生一次大流行的情况,应及时开展流行病学和病原学主动监测,强化预防措施,防止聚集性疫情发生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis(AHC)in Jinan between 2005 and 2022,so as to provide evidence on monitoring,prevention and control of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis.Methods Data on the incidence of AHC in Jinan from 2005 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System.The descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze the collected data.Results A total of 835 AHC cases were reported in in Jinan during 2005 and 2022,with an average annual incidence of 0.65/105.There were two peaks in 2010 and 2019 respectively,while the incidence remained at a low level during other periods;The annual incidence rate in the central urban area was significantly higher than that in the non-central urban area(χ^(2)=58.16,P<0.001);Most of the cases occurred from August to October,and most of them occurred in September,accounting for 25.27%;The annual incidence rate in male was significantly higher than that in female(χ^(2)=29.81,P<0.001);79.04%of the patients were under 50 years old,and 20.24%of the patients were between 21 and 30 years old at most;The main occupations are farmers,students,workers,preschool children and scattered children.The number and proportion of the students cases decreased year by year(χ^(2)=84.15,P<0.001).The number and proportion of farmers increased year by year(χ^(2)=173.90,P<0.001);76.05%of the cases could be diagnosised within 3 days.The timeliness of diagnosis in the scattered children was significantly lower than that of the students,farmers,workers and preschool children(χ^(2)=32.29,P=0.001).Conclusions The AHC epidemic in Jinan between 2005 and 2022 are kept at a low level of incidence in generally.There were no occurence of large-scale outbreaks every few years.The active surveillance of epidemiology and etiology should be carried out in time,and preventive measures should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of clustering epidemic situation.