船舶推进电机预测磁链控制研究

Research on predictive flux control for ship propulsion motor

为解决船舶推进电机传统预测控制中涉及的权重系数的整定和优化问题,以及推进电机在预测控制下的无速度传感器问题,提出使用自适应预测磁链控制。首先分析预测转矩控制的控制性能和原理,并将改控制方式中的以控制磁链和转矩为目的转化为对等效定子磁链的控制,从而形成预测磁链控制;同时引入自适应控制算法以实现电机的无速度传感器控制;最后对推进电机的传统控制方式和自适应预测磁链控制进行仿真对比研究。预测磁链控制可以成功消除对权重系数的整定工作及其影响,且有着很好的启动性能、减少了谐波分量、降低了磁链和转矩脉动。同时,自适应控制算法对各个工况的转速观测精度都很高。自适应预测磁链控制对异步电机有着优良的控制效果,且具有很好的稳态特性和鲁棒性,可提高船舶推进电机的控制性能。

To solve the problem of rectification and optimization of weight coefficients involved in the conventional predictive control of ship propulsion motors and the problem of propulsion motors without speed sensors under predictive control,the use of adaptive predictive flux control is proposed.Firstly,the control performance and principle of predictive torque control are analyzed,and the change of the control method to control the flux and torque is transformed into the control of the equivalent stator flux,thus forming the predictive flux control;at the same time,the adaptive control algorithm is introduced to realize the speed sensor-free control of the motor;finally,a simulation comparison study between the traditional control method and the adaptive predictive flux control of the propulsion motor is conducted.The predictive flux control can successfully eliminate the rectification work on the weighting coefficients and their effects,and has good starting performance,reduced harmonic components,reduced flux and torque pulsation.At the same time,the adaptive control algorithm has a high accuracy of speed observation for all operating conditions.The adaptive predictive flux control has excellent control effect on asynchronous motor and has good steady-state characteristics and robustness,which can improve the control performance of ship propulsion motor.