液压动力补偿卡盘夹紧力特性分析与研究

Analysis and Research on the Clamping Force Characteristics of Hydraulic Power Compensation Chuck

液压动力卡盘是数控机床的核心功能部件,其设计应用水平直接影响工件的加工质量。根据液压动力补偿卡盘的结构和工作原理进行受力分析,分别推导静态和动态夹紧力理论计算模型,得出影响静态、动态夹紧力的主要因素分别是楔面倾角、摩擦因数和油缸推力、机床转速、卡盘和工件的刚度。基于有限元仿真分析平台,采用位移载荷代替输入力的方法模拟卡盘动态夹紧过程,不同工况下的夹紧力仿真与理论结果对比表明:二者数值相近,最大误差为6.2%,验证了所建立动态夹紧力理论计算模型的正确性。

Hydraulic power chuck is the core functional component of CNC machine tools,and its design and application level directly affect the machining quality of the workpiece.Based on the structure and working principle of hydraulic power compensation chuck,force analysis was conducted,and theoretical calculation models for static and dynamic clamping forces were derived.It was found that the main factors affecting static and dynamic clamping forces were wedge surface inclination angle,friction coefficient and cylinder thrust,machine speed,chuck and workpiece stiffness.Based on the finite element simulation analysis platform,the dynamic clamping process of the chuck was simulated using displacement load instead of input force.The comparison between the clamping force simulation and theoretical results under different working conditions shows that:the two values are similar,the maximum error is 6.2%,verifying the correctness of the established dynamic clamping force theoretical calculation model.