采煤机搬运车制动系统同步性优化设计

Synchronous Optimization Design of Braking System for Shearer Carrier

为提高采煤机搬运车制动系统的响应速度,并解决前后车制动同步性差的问题,结合仿真分析对制动系统进行了优化设计。通过计算搬运车制动效能,得出在可优化的参数中,影响制动系统响应速度的主要因素为消除制动器间隙所用时间和制动器制动力增长所用时间;建立制动系统数学模型,通过Simulink仿真计算可知,通过减小非制动工况下制动器摩擦片的间隙,可有效提高制动系统的响应速度。提出背压控制阀组以最大限度地减小摩擦片间隙,通过计算确定背压值最大为1.29 MPa,并通过试验得知背压小于0.9 MPa时,背压控制阀组几乎不起作用,同时为防止搬运车正常行驶时出现制动拖滞现象,将背压值设定为1.2 MPa。通过试验确定背压控制阀组,提高了前后车制动器响应的同步性,试验结果表明:相较于优化前,前后车制动时间差减小为0.24 s,保证了搬运车制动系统的安全运行。最后,通过试验验证了制动系统响应速度的提升,结果表明:常规制动中制动距离为5.2 m,紧急制动中制动距离为3.2 m,均符合MT/T 989—2006《矿用防爆柴油机无轨胶轮车通用技术条件》的技术要求。

In order to improve the response speed of the braking system of the shearer carrier and solve the problem of poor braking synchronization between the front and rear vehicles,the braking system was optimized based on the simulation analysis.By calculating and analyzing the braking efficiency of the carrier,it was concluded that among the optimized parameters,the main factors affecting the response speed of the braking system were the time taken to eliminate the brake clearance and the time taken to increase the braking force of the brake.The mathematical model of the braking system was established.Through Simulink simulation,it was concluded that the response speed of the braking system could be effectively improved by reducing the clearance of the brake friction plate under non-braking conditions.The back pressure control valve group was proposed to minimize the friction plate gap.The maximum back pressure value was determined to be 1.29 MPa by calculation.It was found through experiments that the back pressure control valve group hardly worked when the back pressure was less than 0.9 MPa.At the same time,in order to prevent the phenomenon of braking delay when the carrier was running normally,the back-pressure value was set to 1.2 MPa.It was determined through experiments that the back pressure control valve group improved the synchronization of the response of the front and rear brakes.The experimental results show that the braking time difference between the front and rear vehicles is reduced to 0.24 s compared with that before optimization,which ensures the safe operation of the brake system of the carrier.Finally,the improvement of the response speed of the braking system was verified by experiments.The results show that the braking distance in conventional braking is 5.2 m,the braking distance in emergency braking is 3.2 m,which meets the technical requirements of MT/T 989—2006 The general technical condition of the flameproof diesel vehicle with the rubber wheels for the mine.