基于线结构光的铝合金焊缝在线检测系统设计

Design of Real-Time Detection System for Aluminum Alloy Welds Based on Line Structured Light

为了实时检测铝合金焊缝成形质量,搭建了一套基于线结构光的视觉检测系统。首先理论分析了传感器的成像模型,并结合相机标定和光平面标定获取了坐标系间的映射关系;其次根据激光条纹的灰度分布以及连续性特点,利用改进的几何中心法得到拟合准确度高、连通性好的中心线;最后,采用该系统对搭接焊缝的成形尺寸参数进行了在线检测试验。结果表明,该系统的检测精度和图像检测速度分别达到0.3 mm和25 Hz,且稳定性良好,满足工业实时检测需求。

In order to on-line detect the aluminum alloy weld,a visual detection system based on line structured light was built.Firstly,the imaging model of the sensor was analyzed theoretically,the mapping relationships between the coordinate systems were obtained through the camera calibration and light plane calibration.Secondly,based on the grayscale distribution and continuity characteristics of laser stripes,the centerline with high fitting accuracy and good connectivity was obtained by the improved centerline extraction algorithm.Finally,the on-line detection test for geometric parameters of the lap weld was carried out.The results show that the detection accuracy and image detection speed of the system reach 0.3 mm and 25 Hz,respectively,and the system has good stability,which meets the needs of industrial real-time detection.