大学生心理健康素养的现状调查

Survey on the current status of psychological health literacy among college students

目的调查大学生心理健康素养的现状并进行比较分析。方法采用国民心理健康素养问卷,对山东协和学院4100名在校大学生进行自填式问卷调查,采用SPSS26.0软件进行数据分析。结果回收有效问卷3936份,女生心理健康素养除维护心理健康的行为外,其余各个维度均高于男生(t=-8.708、-11.596、-8.160、-8.366、-8.434,P<0.01);城镇学生在心理疾病的知识和观念(t=2.418,P<0.05)对待心理疾病的态度(t=2.778,P<0.01)、维护心理健康的行为(t=3.192,P<0.01)3个维度高于农村学生;家庭经济收入高者在对待心理疾病的态度(t=-2.167,P<0.05)、应对心理疾病的行为(t=-2.402,P<0.05)、维护心理健康的行为(t=-5.079,P<0.001)高于家庭经济收入低者。结论大学生心理健康素养存在性别、生源地差异,家庭经济收入影响个体心理健康素养。

Objective To investigate the status quo of college students'mental health literacy and make a comparative analysis.Methods A total of 4100 college students were investigated with the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire,and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software package.Results A total of 3936 valid questionnaires were collected.The statistical analysis results indicated that,except for behaviors related to maintaining psychological health,female students significantly outperformed male students in all other dimensions(t=-8.708,-11.596,-8.160,-8.366,-8.434,P<0.01).Urban students scored significantly higher than rural students in knowledge and attitudes towards psychological disorders(t=2.418,P<0.05),attitudes towards dealing with psychological disorders(t=2.778,P<0.01),and behaviors related to maintaining psychological health(t=3.192,P<0.01).Moreover,students from higher-income families exhibited significantly better attitudes towards dealing with psychological disorders(t=-2.167,P<0.05),coping behaviors towards psychological disorders(t=-2.402,P<0.05),and behaviors related to maintaining psychological health(t=-5.079,P<0.001)compared to those from lower-income families.Conclusion The psychological health literacy of college students varies by gender,place of origin,and is influenced by family economic income.