数据与算法驱动的中国司法现代化

China's Judicial Modernization Driven by Data and Algorithms

本文以中国司法现代化进程中出现的“两超怪圈”为切口,以算法利维坦与数字怪兽们的博弈为问题状况,以司法的概念计算公式和数据计算公式为两个基本点,考察了数字化为现代化另辟蹊径的原理以及智慧法院的四个一体化平台的操作机制。基于人工智能赋能法官个体、通过大数据分析进行类案的自动识别和推送、庭审场景敞视化、跨领域信息分享的网络查控系统、司法行政的目标管理和指标评估等现象的深度分析,阐明了数据和算法对审判独立、正当程序、司法公开、办案效率等现代法治原则实施的积极作用以及各种潜在的风险,并从人机共存、规范多元的现实出发,特别强调法律—技术程序的不同组合及其优选的重要意义。

This article examines digitalization as a new path for modernization and its operational mechanism,especially the four integrated platforms of smart courts in China today,by taking the vicious circle of"hyper litigant-principle and hyper authority-principle"that had emerged in the transformation of China's legal system as a starting point,taking the games between Algorithm Leviathan and different kind of Digital Monsters as the problem situation,and taking the concept calculation formula and data calculation formula of justice as two basic points.Based on the in-depth analysis of phenomena such as empowering individual judges with artificial intelligence,automatically identifying and pushing similar cases through big data analysis,visualizing trial scenarios,cross domain information sharing through the net check-control system,as well as target management and indicator evaluation in judicial administration,the author elucidates the positive role of data and algorithms in the implementation of modern rule of law principles such as trial independence,due process,judicial openness,and case handling efficiency,as well as various potential risks.Starting from the reality of human-machine coexistence and diverse norms,the author particularly emphasizes the importance of different combinations of legal and technical procedures and their optimization.