诗与哲学之争:论德国早期浪漫主义的“总汇诗”思想

The Quarrel between Poetry and Philosophy:On“Universal Poesie”of Early German Romanticism

肇始于古希腊的诗与哲学之争在西方思想文化史上有着悠久的传统。德国早期浪漫主义者对现代性所造成的诸种异化进行了反思,在康德哲学、古典哲学的有关百科全书理论的基础上提出“总汇诗”思想,并通过反讽和想象让“总汇诗”成为百科全书式的统领性的学科,具有形而上的超验意味。“总汇诗”思想不仅统一了诗与哲学,弥合了由启蒙运动所造成的人与自然、感性与理性的分裂,而且对后世的唯美主义和象征主义等思潮产生了深远影响,为反思现代性的危机提供了新的可能,具有重要的文学史和哲学史意义。

The quarrel between poetry and philosophy,which began in early Greece,has formed a long tradition in Western intellectual and cultural history.Early German Romanticism,reflecting on the alienation of modernity,put forward the idea of“Universal Poesie”on the basis of Kantian philosophy and the encyclopedic theory of classical philosophy.Through irony and imagination,Universal Poesie makes poetry an encyclopedic and overarching discipline with metaphysical and transcendental implications.The idea of“Universal Poesie”not only unified poetry and philosophy,bridging the split between man and nature,sensibility and rationality caused by the Enlightenment,but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of Aestheticism and Symbolism,providing possibilities for reflecting on the crisis of modernity,and is of great significance in the history of literature and philosophy.