2016~2020年十堰地区成年人心力衰竭发病率与死亡率变化趋势

Change trends of incidence and mortality of heart failure in adults in Shiyan area from 2016 to 2020

目的明确2016年至2020年十堰地区成年人心力衰竭(心衰,HF)发病特征与死亡率变化情况,为制定预防控制措施提供参考。方法收集2016~2020年十堰地区成年人心衰患者病例资料,包括性别、年龄、病程、病因、死亡情况等,并进行分析和比较。结果共收集536例心衰患者占总心血管病患者的16.90%(536/3172),且随年份增加占比有上升趋势(P<0.05);其中男性56.2%(301/536)多于女性43.8%(235/536),但在不同年份间比较无明显变化(P>0.05),而平均年龄、心衰病程、住院时间呈逐年降低趋势(P<0.05);病因主要为冠心病(23.69%)、高血压(21.64%)、肺心病(20.52%),其中冠心病、高血压占比有逐年升高趋势(P<0.05),肺心病占比有逐年降低趋势(P<0.05);536例心衰患者中死亡31例(5.78%),随年份增加死亡率有下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论2016至2020年十堰地区成年人心衰患者死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,但其占心血管疾病患者比例逐年升高,应控制血压、合理用药改善心肌缺血及控制肺部感染,以降低心衰的发生。

Objective To understand the characteristics and mortality of adult heart failure(HF)in Shiyan area from 2016 to 2020,and to provide reference for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The case materials,including gender,age,disease course,disease cause and death,were collected from adult HF patients in Shiyan area from 2016 to 2020,and the material were analyzed and compared.Results There were totally 536 HF patients included,and they accounted for 16.90%(536/3172)of the total patients with cardiovascular diseases,and the percentagehad an ascending trend over years(P<0.05).Male patients accounted for 56.2%(301/536)and female patients,for 43.8%(235/536)but had no significant in different years(P>0.05),while average age,average age,HF course and length of stay showed a descending trend yearly(P<0.05).The disease causes mainly were coronary heart disease(CHD,23.69%),hypertension(21.64%)and pulmonary heart disease(20.52%).The percentages of CHD and hypertension had an ascending trendyearly(P<0.05),and percentage of pulmonary heart disease had a descending trend yearly(P<0.05).Among 536 HF patients,there were 31 cases(5.78%)died,and mortality had a descending trend yearly(P<0.05).Conclusion The mortality of adult HF patients shows a descending trend yearly in Shiyan area from 2016 to 2020,but percentage of HF patients increases in patients with cardiovascular diseasesyear by year.Blood pressure controlling and rational medication for relieving myocardial ischemia and control pulmonary infection should be taken in order to reduce HFoccurrence.