当代中国健身文化中男性气质的自我呈现与主体建构

Self-presentation and Subject Construction of Men's Masculinity in Contemporary Chinese Fitness Culture

通过参与式观察、深度访谈和主题分析等方法,探讨在当前健身文化背景下,中国男性健身者是如何呈现和建构其男性气质的。发现:在健身活动中,男性气质的自我呈现主要集中在个人品质与外形、身体能力、性别关系的处理以及健身等级关系4个方面;男性气质的主体建构过程则经历了从自我规训、自我调整和反抗到重新评估和多元化理解3个阶段。认为:男性气质的自我呈现和建构是通过个体经验和社会互动的具身过程实现的,健身为男性提供了一个在社会文化规范内寻求个性化自我表达和身份认同的重要场所;通过健身,男性不仅塑造和展现了自己多样化的内在品质,还能促使其对性别特质进行重新评价和协商,从而在社会性别角色中寻求更加平等和包容的定位。

Through participatory observation,in-depth interviews and thematic analysis,the self-presentation and construction process of men's masculinity within the context of fitness culture in China are explored.It is found that,in the fitness process,the self-presentation of men's masculinity is primarily manifested in such aspects as personal qualities and appearance,physical capabilities,handling of gender relations,and the hierarchy within fitness culture.Furthermore,the self-construction of men's masculinity encompasses a process of three stages,including the self-discipline,self-adjustment and resistance,followed by a re-examination and multifaceted understanding.It is pointed out that the self-presentation and masculinity construction are realized through an embodied process of individual experiences and social interactions,with fitness providing a crucial space for men to seek personalized self-expression and identity recognition within the norms of social culture.Through fitness activities,Chinese men not only display traditional masculine traits of strength and health,but also showcase a diversity of personalization and inner qualities,which will lead them to find a more equal and inclusive relocation in social gender roles.