长兴县葡萄耕地主推酸化治理模式应用效果研究

Study on the application effect of the main acidification management model for grape cultivated land in Changxing County

该研究针对于湖州市长兴县典型葡萄园耕地酸化状况,以常规施肥为对照,分别比较了“有机肥+绿肥”和“含腐殖酸的土壤调理剂+绿肥”两种主推模式对葡萄园土壤酸化,养分质量状况以及对葡萄品质的影响。结果表明,较对照,“有机肥+绿肥(鼠茅草)”模式对土壤的pH值的影响不显著,表现为对土壤中交换性氢离子和交换性酸含量没有显著性影响,但是可以显著降低交换性铝离子及交换态锰的含量。模式二“含腐殖酸土壤改良剂+绿肥(鼠茅草)”对土壤中pH值,交换性氢离子、交换性铝离子、交换性酸以及交换态锰的含量都具有显著的降低作用。两种主推模式均显著提高了土壤中有机质含量,阳离子交换量、交换性钙和交换性镁的含量,提高土壤缓冲能力。两种主推模式显著提高葡萄果实的可溶性总糖、维生素C和游离氨基酸总量,而“含腐殖酸土壤改良剂+绿肥(鼠茅草)”模式对于葡萄维生素C提升效果更大。因此,两种主推模式都具有降酸培肥的作用,并且可以提高葡萄品质。

This study focuses on the acidification status of typical vineyard soils in Changxing County,Huzhou City,and compares the impacts of two primary methods“organic fertilizer+green manure”and“soil conditioner with humic acid+green manure”on soil acidification,nutrient quality,and grape quality,using conventional fertilization as the control.The results indicated that the“organic fertilizer+green manure(Vulpia myuros)”method had negligible effects on soil pH value,showing no significant influence on exchangeable H+and total exchangeable acidity,but it significantly reduced the levels of exchangeable Al3+and Mn.The second method,“soil conditioner with humic acid+green manure”,significantly lowered the pH value,exchangeable H+,exchangeable Al3+,total exchangeable acidity,and exchangeable Mn levels in the soil.Both methods significantly enhanced the soil′s organic matter content,cation exchange capacity,and the levels of exchangeable calcium and magnesium,thereby increasing the soil′s buffer capacity.These approaches also significantly boosted the grape fruit′s soluble sugar,vitamin C,and total free amino acid content,with the“soil conditioner with humic acid+green manure”method showing a greater effect on vitamin C enhancement.Therefore,both primary methods effectively reduce soil acidity and enhance fertility,thereby improving grape quality.