茶树炭疽病生防菌的筛选、鉴定及拮抗机制研究

Screening,identification and antagonistic mechanism for biological control of tea anthracnose

为了获得对茶树炭疽菌具有较好拮抗效果的生防菌株,从茶树根际土壤中采用梯度稀释法分离纯化得到细菌63株,通过平板对峙法筛选出1株对茶树炭疽菌具有稳定拮抗作用的菌株HZ-01,其对茶树炭疽菌菌丝生长抑制率达到71.5%。结合菌株形态学、生理生化特征及16S rDNA序列比对分析,将菌株HZ-01鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。胞外水解酶活性分析显示,HZ-01菌株具有产生β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶的能力。通过显微镜观察发现,HZ-01的发酵产物对茶树炭疽菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发具有明显的抑制作用。以上结果表明,菌株HZ-01在防控茶树炭疽病方面具有很好的研究价值和应用潜力。

In order to obtain antagonistic bacteria for the biocontrol of tea anthracnose,63 strains of bacteria were isolated and purified from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants by dilution plate method.Among these isolates,strain HZ-01 showed the highest inhibition rate(71.5%).Combined with morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence comparison analysis,strain HZ-01 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.Extracellular hydrolase activity analysis showed that strain HZ-01 could produceβ-1,3-glucanase,protease and cellulase.The fermentation products had an obvious inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Colletotrichum camelliae.The above results indicated that strain HZ-01 could be used as a candidate strain for biological control of tea anthracnose.