影响正畸钛合金微种植钉稳定性的相关因素分析

Analysis of factors associated with the stability of titanium alloy orthodontic mini-implants

目的研究与正畸钛合金微种植钉稳定性相关的因素。方法收集2020年至2021年因正畸治疗需要植入的微种植钉共1271颗,分别对年龄、性别、微种植钉植入部位(上颌、下颌、颊侧、腭侧、前牙、后牙)、微种植钉的品牌、微种植钉的长度、微种植钉的直径、口腔卫生情况、植入手术医师职称级别(初级、中级、高级)等信息进行研究。采用SPSS 26.0软件对数据作统计学分析。结果1271颗钛合金微种植钉,松动脱落69颗,占比5.43%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、上颌下颌、前牙后牙、口腔卫生对微种植钉脱落存在显著影响(P<0.05);而性别、微种植钉植入部位(颊侧、腭侧)、微种植钉的品牌、微种植钉的长度、微种植钉的直径、植入手术医师职称级别等对微种植钉脱落无明显影响(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,前牙后牙、上颌下颌、口腔卫生为微种植钉脱落的独立影响因素,而年龄、性别、微种植钉的植入部位、微种植钉的品牌、长度、直径以及手术医师的职称级别不是微种植钉脱落的独立影响因素。结论患者的年龄、植入点位于上颌或下颌、植入点位于前牙或后牙、患者的口腔卫生情况与微种植钉支抗稳定性有关,而与其他因素相关性不明显。

Objective To investigate the factors associated with the stability of titanium alloy orthodontic mini-implants.Method A total of 1271 mini-implants that require implantation for orthodontic treatment in 2020-2021 were reviewed.Various characters were collected to investigate the correlation,including the patient age,gender,the plantation site of the mini-implants(maxilla,mandibular,buccal,platal,anterior,posterior),the brand of the mini-implants,the length and diameter of the miniimplants,oral hygiene,the dentist professional title(intern,resident,fellow).The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.Result Among 1271 titanium miniimplants,the number of loosening mini-implants was 69,with an overall failure rate of 5.34%.Univariate results showed that age,maxillary and mandibular teeth,anterior and posterior teeth,and oral hygiene had significant effects on mini-implants loosening(P<0.05).While gender,the plantation site of the mini-implants(buccal,platal),the brand of the mini-implants,the length of the mini-implants,the diameter of the mini-implants,the dentist professional title had no significant effects on mini-implants loosening(P>0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that anterior and posterior teeth,maxillary and mandibular and oral hygiene were independent influencing factors of mini-implants loosening.The patient age,gender,the plantation site of the miniimplants,the brand of the mini-implants,the length and diameter of the mini-implants,the dentist professional title were not independent influencing factors of mini-implants loosening.Conclusions The patient’s age,implant site in the upper or lower jaw,implant site in the anterior and posterior,and oral hygiene of the patient were correlated with the mini-implants resistance stability,whereas the correlation with other factors was not significant.