基于惯性的轨道平顺性动态弦测法研究

Study on Dynamic Chord Measurement Method for Track Regularity Based on Inertia

高速铁路轨道平顺性直接影响列车运行安全性及舒适性,而弦测法则是指导轨道高低、轨向不平顺养护维修的直接方法,其结果可直观指导轨道精调。针对静态弦测法效率低、工作量大及动态惯性基准法难以在现场直观找到测量基准的问题,提出基于惯性的轨道平顺性动态弦测法。首先,基于惯性测量方法构建轨道平顺性动态短弦弦测值,通过矩阵推演动态长弦弦测值,并在国内主流GJ-6型轨道检测系统上实现应用;然后,分析动态弦测法误差来源,提出误差标准差计算式,得出动态弦测法误差标准差随基本弦长倍数成1.5次方增加;最后,通过轨道检测综合试验标定台模拟轨道不平顺激励验证10和20 m动态弦测值的稳定性。结果表明:10和20 m动态弦测值与等波长空间曲线幅值的平均倍比关系分别为2.007和2.045,符合中点弦测特性,可为轨道动静态检测关联分析提供理论及试验基础。

The high-speed railway track regularity directly impacts the safety and comfort of train operations.The chord measurement method serves as a direct means to guide the maintenance and repair of track profile and alignment irregularities,with its results providing direct guidance for precise track adjustment.A dynamic chord measurement method based on inertial is proposed to address the issues of low efficiency and heavy workload using static chord measurement method,as well as difficulty in visually identifying measurement benchmarks onsite using dynamic inertial reference methods.Firstly,a dynamic short chord measurement value is established based on the inertia measurement approach.The dynamic long chord measurement value is derived through matrix deduction.This dynamic chord measurement method has been applied on the domestically preeminent GJ-6 track inspection system.Secondly,the sources of errors in the dynamic chord measurement method is analyzed and a formula for calculating the standard deviation of errors is proposed;the results indicate that the standard deviation of errors in the dynamic chord measurement method increases to the power of 1.5 with the increase of the basic chord length multiple.Finally,the stability of 10 m and 20 m dynamic chord measurement values is verified through a comprehensive track inspection test calibration platform simulating track irregularity excitations.The results show that the average multiple ratio of 10 m and 20 m chord measurement values to the spatial curve amplitude of equal wavelengths are 2.007 and 2.045,respectively.The result is consistent with the characteristics of midpoint chord measurement principle.This provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the correlation analysis of dynamic and static track inspection.