复杂压力体系地层钻探溢流压井技术研究

Research on Well Killing Technology in Drilling Complex Pressure System Formation

我国油气勘探开发的深度不断取得突破,超深层油气已经成为重要的接续资源。但是,超深层油气钻探遇到的复杂压力体系地层多,溢流后压井难度大,漏喷险情频发。常规压井方法应用于超深复杂压力体系地层溢流压井时存在一定局限性,非常规压井方法弥补了部分常规压井方法在复杂压力体系地层溢流处理中的缺陷。通过综合分析常规与非常规压井方法在应对复杂压力体系地层溢流时的适用性,根据应用案例分析了各方法的优势和不足,结合我国西部油田压井工程实践,展示了复杂压力体系地层钻探中溢流压井的技术创新成果。其中,溢漏同存和定容体等复杂压力体系地层溢流压井技术通过不断创新及实践,取得了一定的应用效果,但其理论和技术需要进一步发展。文章在总结压井技术研究进展的基础上对下一步超深层复杂压力体系压井技术攻关方向进行了展望,对于解决超深层复杂压力体系地层溢流压井技术难题具有重要意义。

Many significant breakthroughs have been made in regards to deep oil and gas exploration and development in China,with ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs becoming important successor resources.However,the drilling of ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs faces challenges due to the complex pressure systems formations,difficulty in killing well after overflow,and the frequent occurrence of lost circulation and overflow.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the adaptability of conventional and unconventional well control methods in dealing with overflow in complex pressure system formations.It analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of each method through application cases and shares the technical innovations achieved in well killing during drilling in complex pressure system formations,drawing on practices from well control engineering in the western China.When conventional well control methods are applied to well killing in ultra-deep complex pressure system formations,there exist certain limitations.However,unconventional well killing methods have compensated for some of the deficiencies of conventional methods in handling overflow in complex pressure system formations.The well killing techniques for complex pressure system formations such as coexistence of lost circulation and overflow,and constant volume bodies have been continuously innovated and practiced,and a certain application effect has been achieved,but notes that their theories and techniques require further development.This study summarized the research progress of well killing technologies and prospected the future direction of tackling the technical challenges of well killing for the ultra-deep complex pressure system formation,which is of great significance for solving the technical problems of well killing in the ultra-deep complex pressure system formation.