马克思对机器的资本主义应用之批判及其当代启示

Marx’s Critique of the Application of Machines Capitalism and Its Contemporary Implications

在马克思看来,机器应用和机器的资本主义应用应该被区分开。马克思肯定机器应用给人类生存带来的积极效益,但对于机器的资本主义应用展开了严厉的批判。他认为机器的资本主义应用不仅加剧了人与机器的对立、加重了资本对人的剥削,还加深了社会阶级矛盾。当下,以马克思对机器资本主义应用的批判理论对新时代智能机器的发展进行风险审视,不仅有利于规避人机关系异化、完善相关保障机制,还有利于发挥制度优势,满足人民对于美好生活需要。

In Marx’s view,the application of machines and the capitalist application of machines should be distinguished.Marx affirmed the positive benefits of the application of machines to human existence,but launched a severe criticism of the capitalist application of machines.He believed that the capitalist application of machines not only exacerbated the antagonism between man and machine and the exploitation of man by capital,but also deepened social class conflicts.Nowadays,using Marx’s critical theory of the capitalist application of machines to review the risks of the development of intelligent machines in the new era is not only conducive to avoiding the alienation of human-machine relations and improving the relevant protection mechanism,but also useful to give full play to the advantages of the system to meet the people’s needs for a better life.