论被遗忘权与个人信息删除权之差异

On the Difference Between the Right to be Forgotten and the Right to Delete Personal Information

随着互联网行业的发展,信息永久记忆带来的诸多问题亟需法律予以规范,欧盟于《一般数据保护条例》(GDPR)第十七条规定了被遗忘权,我国于《个人信息保护法》第四十七条规定了个人信息删除权。被遗忘权与个人信息删除权虽存在相似之处,但本质上不能等同。通过对比可以发现:在名称内涵上,权利命名体现的人文情感与法律余地不尽相同;在适用条件上,被遗忘权与个人信息删除权的主客观要件规定和权利义务分配有较大差别;在主体关系上,两项权利涉及的主体内容因信息处理过程的差异存在不同界定;在抗辩事由的规定上,二者法律条文的内容存在较大差异。

With the development of the Internet industry,many problems caused by permanent memory of information urgently need to be regulated by law,the European Union provides the right to be forgotten in Article 17 of the General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR),and China stipulates the right to delete personal information in Article 47 of the Personal Information Protection Law.Although there are similarities between the right to be forgotten and the right to delete personal information,they are not essentially equivalent.Through comparison,it can be found that,in terms of the connotation of the name,the humanistic sentiment and legal scope embodied in the naming of the right are different;in terms of the applicable conditions,there are quite different provisions on the subjective and objective elements and the distribution of rights and obligations between the right to be forgotten and the right to delete personal information;in terms of subject relationship,the subject content involved in the two rights is differently defined due to the difference in the information processing process;and there is a big difference in the content of the legal provisions of the two rights in terms of the provisions of the cause of defense.