宋璟劾奏张易之、张昌宗占相之事考证

Examination of Song Jing’s Impeachment of Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong’s Action of Divination

从《宋璟神道碑铭》《旧唐书》《新唐书》《通鉴》等史料的记载入手,考证宋璟劾奏张易之、张昌宗占相之事,得出如下结论。武后季年,张易之、张昌宗私引相工李弘泰占相,朝廷对此事进行了两次推鞫。武后长安四年秋,韦承庆进行了第一次推鞫并希旨纵之。武后长安四年十二月,韦承庆、崔神庆与宋璟进行了第二次推鞫,韦、崔又欲释之,但宋璟上疏弹劾二张,欲诛杀之,这使得武后不悦,内史令宣敕令璟出。宣敕者为党于二张的杨再思,而非姚崇或者姚璹。在此事中,二张至少犯下了谋反罪、造祅书及祅言罪,均为死罪,但武后仍旧赦免二张,此事给朝臣、中宗造成极大震撼。

Starting from the records of historical materials such as the Song Jing Shen Dao Inscription,Old Book of Tang,New Book of Tang,and Tong Jian,Song Jing’s impeachment of Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong’s action of divination.In the late years of Empress Wu,Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong secretly asked Li Hongtai to forecast their fortunes,and the imperial court conducted two interrogations on this matter.In the autumn of the fourth year of the Chang’an of Empress Wu,Wei Chengqing conducted his first interrogation and released them.In December of the fourth year of the Chang’an of Empress Wu,Wei Chengqing,Cui Shenqing,and Song Jing conducted the second interrogation.Wei Chengqing and Cui Shenqing wanted to release them again,but Song Jing submitted a memorial to the emperor to impeach Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong and wanted to kill them,which made Empress Wu unhappy,and the official announced the empress’s order to Song Jing to leave.The person who announced the empress’s order was Yang Zaisi,not Yao Chong or Yao Chu.In this matter,Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong committed the crime of rebellion,fabricating demon books and utterances at least,all of which were capital offenses.However,Empress Wu still released Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong,which caused great shock to the ministers and Tang Zhongzong.