自东向西:地中海地区葡萄种植的历史考察

From East to West:A Historical Investigation of Viticulture in the Mediterranean Region

葡萄种植是地中海地区重要的经济活动,深刻影响该地区的经济发展和文化习俗。地中海地区的葡萄种植呈现从东向西发展的趋势,即葡萄种植从东地中海逐步扩大至西地中海。迈锡尼时代,葡萄种植区域分布于爱琴海沿岸和爱琴海诸岛,葡萄酒成为该地区重要的日常饮品和海上贸易产品。古风时代,希腊半岛的葡萄种植技术提高,并随着古希腊人的殖民运动,传播到意大利和高卢地区。同时,法律也揭示了葡萄种植对城邦经济的重要性。古典时代,葡萄种植遍及整个地中海地区,并由于其对经济的重要性,促使葡萄种植技术提高并理论化。

Viticulture was an important economic activity in the Mediterranean region,profoundly influencing the region’s economic development and cultural customs.Viticulture in the Mediterranean region showed a trend from west to east,that is,viticulture gradually expanded from the eastern Mediterranean to the western Mediterranean.During the Mycenaean era,viticulture was distributed along the Aegean coast and islands,and wine became an important daily drinks and maritime trade product in the region.During the archaic period,the viticulture techniques of the Greek improved,and along with the colonial movement of the Greeks,spread to Italy and Gaul.At the same time,the law also revealed the importance of viticulture for the city-state’s economy.In the classical era,viticulture had spread throughout the Mediterranean region,and its economic importance had prompted the improvement and theory of viticulture techniques.