抽水蓄能电站建设期环境与生态问题及治理保护措施

Environmental and ecological problems and management measures during pumped storage power stations construction

抽水蓄能电站具有调峰、调频、调相、储能等功能,是推动能源转型的重要支撑,也是实现“双碳”目标的重要组成部分。但抽水蓄能电站在建设期会带来系列环境与生态问题,需要引起重视。利用文献调研和现场勘察的方法,聚焦抽水蓄能电站建设过程中产生的生态环境问题以及相关治理措施。从环境与生态的角度,分析了抽水蓄能电站建设所引起的水环境、大气环境、声环境和固体废物污染问题,提出了工程作业造成植被破坏从而加剧水土流失的风险,同时破坏生物多样性,总结了针对系列环境与生态问题的相应治理措施,有效降低对周围环境的危害。研究结果可为构建生态环保、绿色友好型施工环境提供理论支撑,以积极响应中国“双碳”号召。

As a new type of power system for service,Pumped Storage Power Stations has the functions of peak shifting,frequency shifting,phase shifting and energy storage,which is an important support for promoting energy transformation and a main part of realizing the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.However,Pumped Storage Power Stations would bring a series of environmental and ecological problems during the construction period,which need to be emphasized.Therefore,the ecological and environmental problems generated during the construction of pumped storage power plants and the related management measures were focused on based on the methods of literature research and on-site investigation.From the perspective of environment and ecology,the problems of water,air,noise and solid waste pollution caused by the construction of Pumped Storage Power Station were analyzed,and the risk of soil erosion aggravated by the destruction of vegetation due to the engineering operation was put forward,which destroyed the biodiversity.The corresponding management measures for a series of environmental and ecological problems were summarized,which could effectively reduce the hazards to the surrounding environment.The results of the study could provide a reference for the construction of eco-friendly and green construction environment,which positively responded to China′s call for carbon neutrality.