郑州市城区浅层地下水环境化学特征及成因分析

Environmental Chemical Characteristics and Genesis of Shallow Groundwater in the Urban Area of Zhengzhou City

基于2020年郑州市城区273组浅层地下水监测数据,采用Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比例图以及因子分析等方法综合分析了郑州市浅层地下水的水化学特征及其成因.结果表明,研究区浅层地下水水化学类型由西南的HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg型向东北逐渐过渡为HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg·Na型,在黄河滩地区变为HCO_(3)·Cl-Ca·Mg和HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg型.研究区浅层地下水化学组分主要受控于水岩相互作用,以碳酸盐溶解为主,岩盐溶解次之.水岩相互作用、水文作用等自然因素和工业活动等人为因素是研究区浅层地下水水化学演化的主要控制因素,各控制因素在研究区的空间分布特征有所差异.此次研究不仅有助于了解郑州市浅层地下水水化学特征及成因,还可为区域水资源开发利用与保护提供科学依据.

Based on the monitoring data of 273 groups of shallow groundwater in the urban area of Zhengzhou City in 2020,the hydrochemical characteristics and genesis of shallow groundwater in the urban area of Zhengzhou City were comprehensively analyzed by using Piper trilinear diagram,Gibbs diagram,ion ratio diagram and factor analysis.The results indicate that the hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater in the study area gradually transitions from the HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg type in the southwest to the HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg·Na type in the northeast,and then becomes the HCO_(3)·Cl-Ca·Mg type and HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg type in the Yellow River Beach area.The chemica composition of shallow groundwater in the research area is mainly controlled by the interaction between water and rock,with carbonate dissolution being the main factor and rock salt dissolution being the second.The natural factors such as water-rock interaction and hydrological processes,as well as human factors such as industrial activities are the main controlling factors for the hydrochemical evolution of shallow groundwater in the study area.The spatia distribution characteristics of each controlling factor are different in the study area.This study not only helps to understand the chemical characteristics and causes of shallow groundwater in Zhengzhou City,but also provides scientific basis for the development,utilization and protection of regional water resources.