学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of parental fear of progression in school-age children with asthma

目的探讨学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展现状,并分析其潜在剖面不同类别及影响因素,为其预防及干预措施的制订提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2023年3—8月在中南大学湘雅医学院附属儿童医院治疗的学龄期哮喘患儿及父母作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、父母疾病进展恐惧量表、儿童哮喘控制测试、社会支持评定量表对学龄期哮喘患儿及父母进行横断面调查。对学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展情况进行潜在剖面分析,采用χ2检验和二元Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果共纳入学龄期哮喘患儿父母210名,父亲51名,母亲159名,年龄20~30岁42名,31~40岁112名,41~50岁56名;哮喘患儿210例,男123例,女87例,年龄<10岁141例,≥10岁69例。学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展分为2种潜在剖面类型:心理状态焦虑组(46.7%,98/210)、心理状态韧性组(53.3%,112/210)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,哮喘家族史、合并过敏性鼻炎、患儿与父母的关系、婚姻状况、哮喘症状控制水平、社会支持情况是学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展的影响因素(OR值为0.925~10.010,均P<0.05)。结论学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展处于中等水平,且存在明显不同的分类特征,后续应根据学龄期哮喘患儿父母恐惧疾病进展不同分型特征实施针对性的精准预防及干预。

ObjectiveTo explore the current situation of fear of progression among parents of school-age children with asthma,and to analyze the latent profile categories and influencing factors,so as to provide the reference for the formulation of prevention and intervention.MethodsUsing convenient sampling method,school-age children with asthma and their parents treated in the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University from March to August 2023 were selected as the study objects.The General Data Questionnaire,Parent Fear of Progression Scale,Childhood Asthma Control Test,and Social Support Rating Scale were used to investigate school-age children with asthma and their parents.Latent profile analysis was performed on the fear of disease progression among parents of school-age children with asthma,and χ^(2) test and binary Logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors.ResultsA total of 210 parents of the children were included with 51 fathers and 159 mothers.The age distribution was 20-30 years old with 42 parents,31-40 years old with 112 parents,41-50 years old with 56 parents.In 210 children with asthma,there were 123 males and 87 females,with 141 cases aged<10 years old and 69 cases aged≥10 years old.The fear of progression among parents of school-age children with asthma could be divided into two potential profile categories:"psychological dysfunction group(46.7%,98/210)"and"psychological health good group(53.3%,112/210)".The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that asthma family history,combined allergic rhinitis,child-parent relationship,marital status,asthma symptom control level,and social support level were the influencing factors of fear of progression among parents of school-age children with asthma(OR values were 0.925-10.010,all P<0.05).ConclusionsThe fear of progression among parents of school-age children with asthma is at a moderate level,and there are obvious different classification characteristics.In the future,targeted and precise prevention and intervention should be implemented according to the category characteristics of fear of progression among parents of school-age children with asthma.